Monera Humambo

Zvemukati

• Mienzaniso yeMonera Kingdom
• Hunhu
• Mamwe mashoko?

Humambo hwezvisikwa kupatsanurana uko kunobvumidza kusarudzira iyo zvipenyu kufambisa kudzidza kwayo uye kunzwisisa.

Hushe hushanu hwenyika ndehwokuti:

• Veguru humambo (Plantae): Izvo zvipuka zvinokwanisa kuita photosynthesis, iyo isingakwanise kufamba uye iine cellulose maseru maseru.
• Humambo Hwemhuka (Animalia): Ndidzo zvipenyu zvine kugona kufamba, izvo zvisina rusero rusvingo, zviri heterotrophic uye zvinokura kubva mumazai.
• fungi umambo: Izvo zvipenyu zvisinga fambe uye zvine chitin maseru masvingo.
• protist umambo: Zvisikwa zvine akafanana maseru maseru semhuka, zvirimwa uye fungi (eukaryotic sero) asi haigone kuverengerwa mukati meimwe nzvimbo.
• Monera Humambo: Zvisikwa zvakagadzirwa nema prokaryotic masero.

Iyo Monera Kingdom ndiyo yega inowanikwa prokaryotic zvipenyu. Mune mamwe madzimambo mana eukaryotic zvipenyu zvakarongedzwa.

Iyo masero Eukaryotes ndeavo vane musiyano wakasiyana, ndiko kuti, avo majini zvinhu zvakapatsanurwa kubva kune cytoplasm neyemuchina wenyukireya. Masero anoratidza mahara DNA mu cytoplasm.

Muumambo hweMonera tinowana zvipenyu zvingangoita zvega unicellular zvakadai sebhakitiriya kana archaea.

Mienzaniso yeMonera Kingdom

1. Escherichia coli: Phylum: proteobacteria. Kirasi: gammaproteobacteria. Mutemo: enterobacteriales. Gram-negative bacillus inokonzera utachiona hutachiona.
2. Lactobacillus casei: Kuparadzaniswa: mafemu. Kirasi: Bacilli: Order: Lactobacillales. Gram yakanaka anaerobic mabhakitiriya anowanikwa mumatumbu nemumuromo mevanhu. Inogadzira lactic acid.
3. Clostridium tetani: Chikamu: Makambani. Kirasi: clostridia. Raira: clostridiales. Gram yakanaka mabhakitiriya, spore-inogadzira uye anaerobic. Inowanikwa mudumbu remhuka. Inokonzera hutachiona hwakakomba muvanhu, semuenzaniso chirwere chetetanus.
4. Clostridium septicum: Chikamu: Makambani. Kirasi: clostridia. Raira: clostridiales. Gram yakanaka anaerobic bacteria. Inokonzera zvirwere muvanhu zvakaita semapundu, grangrene, neutropenic enterocolitis, uye sepsis.
5. Chlamydia (chlamydia): Chikamu: chlamydiae. Order: chlamydiales. Gram isina bhakitiriya inokonzera zvirwere zvepabonde.
6. Clostridium botulinum: Chikamu: Makambani. Kirasi: clostridia. Order: Clostridiales. Bacillus inowanikwa pasi. Nekuda kwemetabolism yayo, inoburitsa chepfu inokonzera botulism.
7. Sorangium cellulosum: Chikamu: Proteobacteria. Kirasi: deltaproteobacteria. Raira: Myxococcales. Huru-husina kunaka hutachiona. Iine genome inozivikanwa kwazvo mubhakitiriya.
8. Serpulina (bachyspira): Chikamu: spirochaetes. Kirasi: spirochaetes. Raira: spirochaetales. Anaerobic bacteria inokanganisa vanhu.
9. Vibrio vulnificus. Kupatsanurwa: proteobacteria. Kirasi: gammaproteobacteria. Order: vibrionales. Munyu unoshivirira bacillus, saka inogona kukura mumvura yegungwa. Iyo pathogen yevanhu, ndokuti, inokonzera hutachiona. Iyo hutachiona hweGram-negative.
10. Bifidobacteria. Kupatsanurwa: actinobacteria. Kirasi: actinobacteria. Mutemo: bifidobacteriales. Ndivo mabhakitiriya inowanikwa mukoloni. Ivo vanotora chikamu mukuzeya uye vanodzora kukosora kweanorwara, mukuwedzera mukudzivirira kukura kwemamwe mamota.

Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso kubva kuhumwe Humambo

Hunhu

• Ivo havana organelles: pamusoro pekushayikwa kwema cell cell, havana plastids, mitochondria, kana chero endomembrane system.
• Kudya: vanodyisa neosmotrophy, ndiko kuti, ivo vanonwisa zvinovaka muviri neosmosis yezvinhu zvakanyungudika munzvimbo. Uku kudyisa kunogona kuva:
  • Heterotrophic: vanodya organic zvinhu kubva kune zvimwe zvipenyu. Ivo masaprophytes kana vachidya marara; zvipembenene kana zvikadya zvipenyu kana symbiotic kana ivo vakasimbisa hukama nemumwe muviri mune izvo zviviri zvinobatsira.
  • Autotroph: vanozvigadzirira ivo pachavo chikafu kuburikidza nefotosynthesis kana chemosynthesis.
• Variable Oxygen Dependence: Haasi ese zvisikwa muhumambo hweMonera vanoshandisa okisijeni kune yavo metabolism. Dzinoshandisa oxygen dzinodaidzwa kuti maaerobes uye idzo dzisingadi dzinodaidzwa kunzi anaerobes.
• Kubereka: Zviri kunyanya asexual neBinary fission. Mune mamwe mazwi, hapana mitosis.
• Locomotion: Izvi zvipenyu zvinogona kufamba nekutenda kune flagella.
• DNA: Yakaumbwa kunge tambo yakatenderera uye yakasununguka mu cytoplasm.

Mamwe mashoko?

• Mienzaniso yeAutotrophic uye Heterotrophic Zvisikwa
• Mienzaniso yeBacteria
• Mienzaniso ye Microorganisms
• Mienzaniso yeiyo Unicellular Zvisikwa