Zvemukati
Iyo mahormone Izvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuita zvakajairika kwemuviri wemunhu uye nezvimwe zvipenyu. Izvo zvinogadzirwa nenhengo chaidzo dzinozivikanwa se endocrine glands, zvakadai sepancreas kana gland pituitary, uye inopinda muropa.
Mahormone anowanikwa mune yakadzika kwazvo yevasungwa muropa, zvisinei,gadzirisa zvakakosha mabasa chaizvo sekufananidzwa kweshuga, iko kuiswa kwecalcium mumapfupa uye iyo gametogenesis.
Mahormone anogona kutariswa se messenger mamolekemu, izvo kurongedza mashandiro enhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mahormone anoshandisa chiito chavo pa masero zvakasiyana neiya yavakagadzirwa. Mahormone mazhinji mapuroteni, mamwe ari steroids zvigadzirwa zvecholesterol.
Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso yeMhuka neHormone Mahormone
Iyo zviito zvehomoni Dzinogona kukonzerwa panguva dzakasiyana, imwe moto mune imwe nyaya yemasekondi, imwe inoda mazuva akati wandei kutanga kana kunyangwe mavhiki kana mwedzi. Iko kusimba kwemazhinji maseru emakemikari mashandiro anotongwa nemahormone.
Pakati pemabasa anoitwa nemahomoni, zvinotevera zvinomira pachena:
- Iko kushandiswa uye kuchengetedza kwesimba
- Kukura, kusimudzira uye kubereka
- Mazinga eropa emvura, munyu, uye shuga
- Kuumbwa kwepfupa uye mhasuru mhasuru
- Kufananidza kwekunzwa uye mota system maitiro kune akasiyana stuli
Mahormone akasiyana akanyorwa pazasi uye nzira huru dzavanobatanidzwa nadzo dzinoratidzwa.
Mienzaniso yehomoni
- Testosterone: Iyo inowanzo iri iyo hormone iyo inodzora kukura kweyechipiri yehurume hunhu hwehunhu (izwi gobvu, mhasuru mhasuru, vhudzi), kunyangwe zvichikoshawo kuti kuve kune chaiyo spermatogenesis.
- Jekiseni: Iyi hormone inogadzirwa nepancreas uye yakakosha mukugadzirisa kusangana kweglucose muropa. Ndosaka ichinyatsoenderana nechirwere chinosiririsa chakajairika: chirwere cheshuga.
- Glucagon: Inoshanda mukonisheni ne insulin, saka zvakare zvakakosha mukuyera kweglucose.
- Parathormone: Iyi hormone inogadzirwa neparathyroid gland uye inobatanidzwa mune metabolism ye calcium uye phosphorus. Izvo zvakakosha kwazvo kune hutano hwepfupa uye neyakajairika kushanda kwevhitamini D.
- Calcitonin: Izvo zvakakoshawo kune hutano hwemabhonzo, zvinoita zvinopesana neparathyroid hormone.
- Aldosterone: Inodzora mwero we sodium uye potasium muropa uye weti; yakanyatsobatana nekujairika kushanda kweitsvo. Iyi hormone inogadzirwa neadrenal gland.
- Antidiuretic mahormone: Inobatanidzwa mukudzokororwazve kwemamorekuru emvura mune renal tubules, ndosaka yakabatana nekugadzirwa kweweti. Iyo zvakare inonzi vasopressin, ine basa rakakosha mumuviri we homeostasis.
- Prolactin: Iyo yakagadziriswa mune yepamberi pituitary gland uye inodzora kugadzirwa kwemukaka nema mammary gland. Inowedzera apo kuendesa kuri kuswedera uye nekukurumidza mushure mayo.
- Oxytocin: Iyi hormone yakakosha kumutsa hutachiona hwechibereko hunofanirwa kuitika panguva yekusununguka, inogadzirwa nepituitary.
- Thyroxine: Iyo inoenderana neiyo yegland gland uye inodzora akawanda emuviri maitiro, anosanganisira maseru metabolism, kukura, uye kukura kweiyo nervous system. Zvirwere zvakasiyana zvinogona kukonzerwa nekushandurwa mukubatanidzwa kwehomoni iyi, yakanyanya kuve hypothyroidism uye hyperthyroidism.
- Progesterone: Iyo progestogen inodikanwa yekushanduka kwekukura kuitike mu endometrium iyo inobvumidza kukura kweiyo embryo, nekudaro, zvakakosha mukuzvitakura. Izvo zvakakoshawo pamusuwo wekuyaruka kukura kwevakadzi nhengo dzepabonde uye inowanzo shandiswa senzvimbo yekurapa mukuguma kuenda kumwedzi. Iyo inonyanya kugadzirwa mune ovary.
- Somatotrophin: Iyo inodaidzwawo kunzi kukura mahormone, yakakosha mukukura kwakakodzera kwemwana; activates protein synthesis, inowedzera glucose kushandiswa uye zvakare lipolysis. Inokurudzira kukura kwenhengo mune zvese.
- Follicle Inokurudzira Hormone: Iyo ihormoni inodiwa kuti kusasana kweiyo ovarian follicles uye kupedzisa kwemukadzi kuenda kumwedzi, kwakakosha pakubereka.
- Luteinizing mahormone: Inoita nenzira yekuwedzera kune yekutanga, inomutsa ovulation uye inotanga kuumbwa kweiyo corpus luteum. Luteinizing hormone inowanzoedzwa kuyedzwa kwevakadzi kushaya mbereko matambudziko.
- Adrenaline (epinephrine): Iyo neurotransmitter iyo inobatanidzwa mukuzvidzivirira kwekuzvidzivirira kupokana nekushushikana, ichiita mune angangoita matishu ese; yakakosha mukubhururuka kwekubhururuka uye inoshandiswa senzira yekurapa mune akasiyana mamiriro akaomarara, kusanganisira kusungwa kwemoyo, kurwara neasima, uye kugadzikana.
- Cortisol: Iyo glucocorticoid inoenderana ne immune system, mafuta metabolism, uye maitiro anonzi gluconeogenesis. Iyo synthesis uye kuburitswa inokonzereswa mumamiriro ekumanikidza.
- Melatonin: Iyi hormone ine hukama nezviitiko zvakasiyana zvemuviri, inokanganisa immune system, kukwegura, hosha yemoyo, shanduko mukurara / kumuka mutinhimira, uye inototungamira kune mamwe mamiriro epfungwa. Melatonin inoshandiswa kurwisa kusagadzikana kwekurara, pakati pevamwe.
- Estradiol: Inobatanidzwa mukukura kwenhengo dzekubereka, sechikamu chekukura kwevakadzi pabonde, asi iripowo mune varume. Iyo ine mhedzisiro inoratidzira pamafupa mashoma, kuve chikamu chemahormone ekutsiva marapirwo mune vakadzi vepostmenopausal.
- Triiodothyronine: Iyi ihormone inosanganisira ingangoita ese masisitimu echisimba (kukura uye kukura, kudziya kwemuviri, kurova kwemoyo, nezvimwewo). Nekusimudzira kudzikisira kwe makabhohaidhiretsi uye ye mafuta, inobatsira aerobic metabolism uye kuwora kweprotein, ndiko kuti, inowedzera yakajairwa basal metabolism.
- Androstenedione: Iyo inotungamira mahormone kune mamwe mahormone: androsterone uye estrogens; saka zvakafanira kuchengetedza hutano hwekubereka, vese varume nevakadzi. Kushandiswa kwaro sekuwedzera kwakarambidzwa nekuti inoonekwa seanabolic steroid iyo inowedzera mukukura kwemhasuru uye kuramba mumuviri muvatambi.
