Zvemukati
- Mhando dze biotechnology
- Matanho ebiotechnology
- Zvakanakira biotechnology
- Biotechnology njodzi
- Mienzaniso ye biotechnology
Iyo biotechnology iko kushandiswa kwetekinoroji kunoshandisa biology (masystem ehupenyu uye zvisikwa zvipenyu kana zvigadzirwa zvavo) kugadzira kana kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa kana maitiro ekubatsira munhu nenzvimbo yake. Iyo inoshandisa sainzi senge fizikisi, kemesitiri, masvomhu uye mainjiniya kuvandudza kufambira mberi kwayo.
Biotechnology inosanganisira maitiro uye zvakawanikwa muminda yemishonga, indasitiri, kurima uye mukuchengetedza nharaunda. Semuyenzaniso: on kuvandudzwa kwemishonga mitsva kana kurapwa kwezvimwe zvirwere, desakuvandudzwa kwezvirimwa uye kugadzirwa kwechikafunts, iyo kurapwa marara uye zvishandiswezve.
Mhando dze biotechnology
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze biotechnology, imwe neimwe yadzo inodanwa nemuvara unozviratidza. Ivo vanosiyaniswa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe nenzvimbo yavanogadzira uye nzira uye nzira dzavanoshandisa.
- Red biotechnology. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo biotechnology mumushonga.
- White biotechnology. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo biotechnology mumaindasitiri maitiro.
- Bhuruu biotechnology. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo biotechnology mune maitiro ane chekuita negungwa.
- Green biotechnology. Iko kushandiswa kwe biotechnology mune zvekurima.
- Grey biotechnology. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo biotechnology mukutarisira nharaunda.
Matanho ebiotechnology
Kwakatangira biotechnology kwakadzokera kumashure kuna 4000 BC. C. (approx.) Nekutanga kwemagariro epakutanga aishandisa nzira yekuvira kuita chingwa, chizi newaini. Izvi zvakapa kusimukira kune echinyakare biotechnology iyo inoshandisa zvipenyu kugadzira chikafu kana mamwe maitiro.
Izwi iri biotechnology Iyo inonzi yakaitwa kune mainjiniya weHungary, Károly Ereki (1919). Muzana ramakore rapfuura, hwazvino biotechnology yakatanga kubva kune ruzivo rwakadzama rwechimiro cheDNA. Izvi zvakagonesa kumonyororwa uye kufambira mberi kwemaitiro akadai sejenomiki, genjiniinjiniya (senge kuvandudzwa kwecombinant insulin kana chikafu chinogadzirwa) uye mishonga yekurapa.
Zvakanakira biotechnology
- Kuvandudza kwetsika dzinovandudza kugona kubereka kwenyika.
- Kuvandudza kwemaitiro anovandudza hutano hwehukama hwechikafu.
- Kuwanikwa kwemishonga mitsva yekurapwa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana siyana nezvirwere.
- Kuvandudzwa kwema biorefineries senzira yekugadzira mhando nyowani dzezvinhu zvinowedzerwazve.
- Kuvandudza bioremediation yekurapa ivhu rakasvibiswa.
- Kuvandudza kwetsika dzekushandisazve marara.
Biotechnology njodzi
Iko kushandiswa kweiyo biotechnology mune zvekurima ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinomutsa kukakavara kukuru. Masangano, mapoka evarwi uye vatengi vanosheedza kudzikisira kuvapo kwezvisikwa zvakagadziriswa (izvo zvakagadziridzwa nemajini ekugadzira) uye vanoda mitemo yekunyorera kuti vazivise vatengi nezvekuvapo kwezvinhu izvi muchikafu.
Kunyangwe hazvo zvidzidzo zvakaitwa neUnited Nations, iyo US National Academy yeSainzi, European Union, American Medical Association nemamwe masangano vakataura kuti maitiro aya akachengeteka, pane zvinonetsa pamusoro pemhedzisiro yenguva refu yavanogona kuve nayo pahutano yevanhu uye nharaunda.
Genetic engineering inomutsawo nyaya dzehunhu nekutonga. Matekiniki anoshandura zvakagadziriswa zvipenyu, kugadzirwa kwemajini kana kuumbana zvinounza kutya uye kurambwa muchikamu chevanhu.
Mienzaniso ye biotechnology
- Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya
- Hutachiona uye mbiriso tsika
- Skim, yakasimbiswa, kana mukaka wehupenyu hwakareba
- Mipiro kurwa nekenza
- Kugadzirwa kwebiofuel
- Transgenic zvirimwa
- Mapurasitiki anogadziriswa
- Mishonga
- Cloning
- Kukura mahormone
- Inogona Kubatsira Iwe: Kubatsira uye Kukanganisa kweSainzi
