Mienzaniso yeNoveli

Zvemukati

Mhando dzemanovel
Mienzaniso yenoveli

Iyo novel Iri ibasa rakazara rekunyora iro rinorondedzera zviitiko zvinogona kana kunge zvisiri zvekufungidzira. Semuyenzaniso: Makore zana eSolitude (Gabriel Garcia Marquez), Mhosva uye Kurangwa (Fyodor Dostoyevsky), Don Quijote weLa Mancha (Miguel de Cervantes).

Kusiyana nenyaya, idzo zvakare dziri chikamu cherudzi rwenyaya, enganonyorwa dzakareba uye dzinowanzo sanganisira huwandu hukuru hwevatambi, marongero, uye zviitiko. Uye zvakare, zano rayo rakanyanya kuomarara uye munyori anoisa nzvimbo yakawanda kutsananguro uye ruzivo rwezvinangwa zvekushongedza.

Kunge chero chinyorwa chinyorwa, inoverengeka yakarongedzwa muzvikamu zvitatu:

Nhanganyaya. Uku ndiko kutanga kwenyaya, umo vatambi nezvinangwa zvavo zvinoratidzwa, kuwedzera kune "zvakajairika" zveiyo nyaya, iyo inozoshandurwa pfundo.
Knot. Kunetsana kunokanganisa zvakajairwa kunoratidzwa uye zviitiko zvakakosha zvikuru zvinoitika.
Mhedzisiro. Mhedziso inogadzirwa uye gakava ragadziriswa.

Onawo: Zvinyorwa zvinyorwa

Mhando dzemanovel

Zvinoenderana nezviri mukati mazvo, anotevera marudzi enoveli anogona kuzivikanwa:

YeSainzi ngano. Ivo vanorondedzera zvinofungidzirwa kukanganisa kungave kune imwe tekinoroji kana kufambira mberi kwesainzi kungave nako pasirese.
Zvezviitiko. Vanorondedzera rwendo kana rwendo urwo rwunoitwa ne protagonist kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira. Iyo nyaya inoratidza kuti rwendo irworwo rwunoshandura sei hunhu, uyo asisiri kuzove akafanana neapo paakaenda.
Mapurisa. Iyo zano rinotenderera nekugadziriswa kwemhosva uye kutsanangurwa kwechinangwa chake. Ma protagonists ayo anowanzo kuve mapurisa, vanoongorora vega, magweta kana matikitivha.
Kudanana Eroticism uye hukama hwehukama ndiwo akabatana erudzi urwu rwekurondedzera. Iyo zvakare inonzi rose novel, mune aya magwaro rudo runogara ruchikunda mukutarisana nedambudziko.
Zvinotyisa. Chinangwa chayo chikuru kukonzeresa kutya uye kusagadzikana muvaverengi vayo. Kune izvi, munyori anoshandisa kutandara kwemuchadenga, kuwedzera kune kuvapo kwemasimba epamusoro uye anotyisa.
Inonakidza. Ivo vanotsanangura inokwanisika nyika yakagadzirwa kubva mukufungidzira. Nyika ino ine mitemo yakasiyana, vatambi uye zvinhu pane iyo chaiyo nyika.
Chaizvoizvo. Kusiyana neano fungidzira enganonyorwa, ivo vanotaura nyaya dzinoitika mune chaicho nyika, saka ivo vanotenda. Tsananguro dzakawanda, zviitiko zvinotaurwa zvichiteerana, uye dzimwe nguva nyaya inosanganisa chidzidzo chehunhu kana hwemagariro.

FIKISHENI YESAINZI

1984. Iyi nganonyorwa yakanyorwa neBritish George Orwell pakati pema 1940. Iyo dystopia inotarisa Winston Smith, uyo anopandukira hurumende iri kwese kwese yehutongi iyo inotarisa nekuranga vagari vayo kunyangwe nepfungwa dzavo.
Nyika inofara. Yakanyorwa neBritish Aldous Huxley, iyi dystopia yakaburitswa kekutanga muna 1932. Inosanganisira kukunda kwekutenga nekunyaradza, pamwe nekusiiwa kwehunhu hwakakosha hwevanhu. Sosaiti inozviburitsa pachayo mu vitro, sekunge yaive tambo yegungano.

ZVEZVAKAITIKA

Pasi Pasi Pose mumazuva makumi masere. Iyi nganonyorwa yakanyorwa neFrance Jules Verne inorondedzera rwendo rwunoitwa nemurume weBritish Phileas Fogg nemudiri wake wechiFrench "Passepartout", mushure mekubheja kwaanoisa pangozi hafu yehupfumi hwake, aine chokwadi chekuti achatenderera pasirese mumazuva makumi masere. Iwo mavara akaburitswa muzvikamu mu Imi Tems, pakati paNovember naDecember 1872.
Chitsuwa chefuma. Mudiki Jim Hawkins anoshanda nevabereki vake kuimba yevaeni. Rimwe zuva murume anochema uye chidhakwa anosvika uyo, paanofa, anosiya mepu kuti atsvage pfuma, yakavigwa naPirate Flint pachitsuwa chinopisa. Mukomana uyu anokwira chikepe kuti asvike pachitsuwa chakachiva, asi anofanirwa kugara nechikwata chevapambi, chinotungamirwa naJohn Silver, uyo anodawo kutora zvakapambwa. Yakanyorwa naScotsman Robert Louis Stevenson, ino novel yakaiswa serialized pakati pe1881 na1882 mumagazini Vechidiki vanhu.

Onawo: Epic

Mapurisa

Iyo Maltese Falcon. Yakanyorwa naDashiell Hammett, chinyorwa ichi chakaburitswa kekutanga muna 1930. Zano iri rinoitika muSan Francisco, uko mutikitivha wega Sam Sam ficha anofanira kugadzirisa mhosva nekukumbirwa nemutengi wenyama.
Musori akabuda muchando. Rakaburitswa muna1963, iri bhuku rakanyorwa naJohn le Carré rine protagonist yaro musori weBritish Alec Leamas, uyo, mune mamiriro eCold War, anofanirwa kuita oparesheni achipikisana nemusoro weangwara yeEast Germany.

ROMANTIC

Kuzvikudza uye kufungira zvisizvo. Yakanga yakanyorwa neBritish Jane Austen muna1813. Iyo rangano yakagadzwa muLondon mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi18 uye ine mhuri yeBennet semunhu wayo mukuru. Mushure mekufa kwemurume wavo, Mai Bennet vanoona muwanano nzira chete yekubuda kwevanasikana vavo vashanu avo, vari vakadzi, vasingazogare nhaka chero chinhu.
Semvura yeChocolate. Yakabudiswa muna 1989, ino ino inofadza kumashiripiti chaiyo yakanyorwa naMexico Laura Esquivel. Iyo nyaya inotarisana nehupenyu hwaTita, nyaya dzake dzerudo, uye hupenyu hwemhuri yake. Chikafu cheMexico uye mabikirwo aripo munhoroondo yese, akaiswa panguva yeMexicoan Revolution.

HURE

Horla. Iyi nganonyorwa, yakanyorwa muchimiro chedhayari, inorondedzera kutya kunotambura ne protagonist yayo painonzwa kuvepo kwechinhu chisingaonekwe husiku hwoga hwoga. Iye French Guy de Maupassant ndiye munyori weiri basa iro shanduro nhatu dzinozivikanwa, dzakaburitswa muma1880.
Chinhu. Rakadhindwa muna 1986, iri basa rakanyorwa neAmerican Stephen King rinotaura nyaya yeboka revana vanomwe vanovhundutswa nekuvapo kwechikara chinoshandura chimiro uye chinodya kutya kwachinogadzira kune avo vakaisirwa.

FANTASTIC

Ishe wemhete. Yakanyorwa naJRR Tolkien, iyo nyaya inoitika munzvimbo yekufungidzira, mu Middle Earth yechitatu Age reZuva. Vanhu, elves uye hobbits vanogara imomo, pakati pezvimwe zvisikwa chaizvo uye zvinonakidza. Iyo inoverengeka inorondedzera rwendo rwunoitwa naFrodo Baggins rwekuparadza "imwechete mhete", iyo ichaunza hondo kurwisa muvengi wake.
harry muumbi uye dombo reMuzivi. Rakadhindwa muna 1997, ndiyo yekutanga musaga yemabhuku manomwe akanyorwa nemunyori weBritish J. K. Rowling. Inotaurira nyaya yaHarry, mukomana akura pamwe nababamunini vake uye babamunini mushure mekufa kwevabereki vake. Pazuva rake rekuzvarwa regumi nerimwe, anogamuchira akateedzana tsamba dzinozoshandura hupenyu hwake. Harry anotanga kuumba chikamu chemashiripiti munharaunda, apinda chikoro cheHogwarts. Ikoko achaita shamwari dzinozomubatsira kutarisana nen'anga yakauraya vabereki vake.

ICHOKWADI

Madame bovary. Yakanga yakanyorwa nemunyori wechiFrench Gustave Flaubert uye yakaburitswa zvakateedzana muma1850. Inotaura nezve hupenyu hwaEmma Bovary, uyo anoroora chiremba kuti abve munyika maaigara. Zviroto zvake zvinopedzisira zvabonderana neicho chakasiyana chokwadi pane icho chaakange akarota uye achifunga.
Anna Karenina. Yakanyorwa neRussia Leo Tolstoy, ino nhoroondo yakaburitswa muma1870 uye yakaiswa muzana ramakore rechi19 Saint Petersburg. Iyo inotaurira nyaya yemukadzi (Anna Karenina) akaroorwa negurukota reRussia, ane hukama naCount Vronsky, zvichikonzera nyonganiso munharaunda yepamusoro.