Zvemukati
Iyo APA inotonga Iwo seti yemirau nemisangano yekugadzirira monographic kana mapepa ekutsvagisa. Aya maitiro maitiro akagadzirwa ne American Psycological Sangano uye yakapararira kutenderera pasirese seyakajairwa fomati yezvirevo nezwi.
Uyu mutemo unoshandiswa, pamusoro pezvose, mukutsvagisa kwepamutemo zvedzidzo uye unobatanidza maitiro kune imwe fomati inofanirwa kuronga zvinyorwa zvizere: margins, zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, zvinyorwa zvepasi uye magwaro ekupedzisira ebhaibheri.
Iwo APA zviyero zvinowanzo gadziridzwa, mune akateedzana mavhezheni ayo anosanganisirwa mumabhuku avo epamutemo.
- Inogona kukubatsira: Bibliographic zvinyorwa
Mienzaniso yeAPA zviyero
- Sheet margins. Maharaini emativi mana anofanira kunge ari 2,54 cm, pamwe chete nerugwaro rwese.
- Mashoko omuzasi. Manotsi anofanirwa kuratidzwa neinoteedzana nhamba index (1, 2, 3) mumuviri wenyaya. Kana iwo ari iwo zviratidzo zvinokudziridza izvo zvakataurwa mubasa, ivo vanofanirwa kuenda kutsoka reiyo peji uye vanogona kutambanudzwa pamusoro pemashiti akati wandei. Kana iwo ari akazara zvinyorwa kana zvimwe zvekuwedzera zvinyorwa, ivo vanofanirwa kuenda seyekupedzisira manotsi. Mashoko omuzasi haana kushandiswa pakuratidzira bhaibheri.
- Peji kuverenga. Iwo mapeji echinyorwa anofanira kugara achiverengwa mukona yepamusoro kana yezasi kuruboshwe, kunze kwekunge, kana paine, peji rekuvhara, peji rezita uye mapeji ekutanga (kubvuma, epigraphs, nezvimwewo) izvo zvinozotarisirwa kuverenga asi kwete Ivo vanozoverengerwa. Iyo peji peji inofanirwa kuperekedzwa nesurname yemunyori wenyaya: Surname 103
- Kubuda ropa. Mutsara wekutanga wendima yega yega (kunze kwemutsara wekutanga wenyaya yacho) unofanirwa kuve wakaiswa nzvimbo shanu pamberi peshoko rekutanga. Iyi nzvimbo yakaenzana netabhu (rova kiyi Tab).
- Zvidimbu. Zvinyorwa zvedzidzo zvinowanzo shandisa zvipfupiso mune zvavanotaura, zvinyorwa kana zvinyorwa zvinoratidza:
- chits. (chitsauko)
- ed. (chinyorwa)
- rev. (yakadzokororwa)
- Tengesa. (muturikiri kana vashanduri)
- s.f. (isina zuva)
- p. (peji)
- pp. (mapeji)
- kabichi. (vhoriyamu)
- Aihwa. (nhamba)
- pt. (chikamu)
- supl (kuwedzera)
- ed (muparidzi kana vaparidzi)
- comp. (compiler)
- comps. (compilers)
- Verbatim kududzirwa kwemashoko asingasviki makumi mana kana mitsara mishanu. Vanofanira kuvharirwa nemazwi maviri akatorwa ("") kuti vazvitsauranise kubva pane zvimwe zvinyorwa, pasina kushandura ndima. Inofanirwa kuperekedzwa nerevabereki chirevo:
Gautier akasimbisa maererano nehunhu kuti "ndicho chakanakisa pane hunyanzvi" (1985, peji 4).
- Verbatim kudomwa kwemazwi anodarika makumi mana kana mitsara mishanu. Iwo akanyorwa mune diki font saizi (imwechete kana maviri mapoinzi) kupfuura zvakajairika zvinyorwa, zvakaiswa mukati nemaviri matabhu uye pasina makotesheni, senge padivi muchinyorwa uye zvichiperekedzwa neyakarevheta chirevo.
- Paraphrase kana paraphrase makotesheni. Kududzira, ndiko kuti, dzimwe pfungwa dzevamwe dzakapfupikiswa mumazwi avo, dzinofanira kugara dzichiratidza kunyorwa kwekutanga. Chirevo chemubereki chine zita rekupedzisira remunyori uye gore rekuburitswa kwebasa rake zvinoratidzwa pakupera kwekutaura.
Makomba matema anoburitsa anowoneka mafomu e radiation (Hawking, 2002) uye ...
- Parenthetical mareferenzi. Zvese zvinyorwa uye zvirevo zvechitatu-bato zvakatsvakirwa zvemukati zvinofanirwa kutaurwa. Zvinyorwa zvinofanirwa kuratidza: zita remunyori akataurwa + gore rekuburitswa kwemavara + peji nhamba (kana zvichibvira):
(Soublette, 2002, peji 45)
(Soublette, 2002)
(Soublette, peji 45)
(2002, peji 45)
- Taura vaviri kana vanopfuura vanyori. Kana iwo akanyorwa akanyorwa anodarika mumwe munyori, mazita avo anofanirwa kuiswa mune rejisheni, akapatsanurwa nemakoma uye pakupedzisira nechiratidzo "&":
Vanyori vaviri: Mckenzie & Wright, 1999, p. 100
Vanyori vatatu: Mckenzie, Wright & Lloyce, 1999, p. 100
Vanyori vashanu: Mckenzie, Wright, Lloyce, Farab & López, 1999, p. 100
- Taura munyori mukuru nevatsigiri. Kana iwo akanyorwa akanyorwa aine mukuru munyori uye vanobatsirana, zita remunyori mukuru rinofanira kuiswa mune rejisheni, uyezve chirevo et al:
Mckenzie, et al., 1999.
Mckenzie, Wright, et al., 1999.
- Quote munyori wemubatanidzwa. Zvinyorwa zvine munyori asiri munhu asi zviri zvekambani kana institution zvinotaurwa nekuisa zita kana chidimbu chekambani kwaizoenda zita remunyori:
UN, 2010.
Microsoft, 2014.
- Quote isingazivikanwe. Panyaya yevanyori vasingazivikanwe (izvo zvisina kuenzana nevanyori vasingazivikanwe), iro izwi Asingazivikanwe pachinzvimbo chezita rekupedzisira remunyori uye nemimwe mirairo iri muchimiro inotorwa ne:
Asingazivikanwe, 1815, peji. 10
- Chinyorwa chebhaibheri bhuku (bhuku rebhaibheri). Kupera kwebasa rekutsvaga kunofanirwa kuve nerondedzero neese akanyorwa bhaibheri. Mune ino runyorwa mazita ekupedzisira evanyori akarongeka maererano nearufabheti, uye vanowedzera gore rekuburitswa kwebasa mumabhureki, zita iri mumitauro yakatsveyamiswa uye nemamwe ese ruzivo rwekunyora:
Zita rekupedzisira, Zita remunyori (gore rekuburitsa). Kufanirwa. Guta, Nyika yekuburitswa: Edhisheni.
- Reva zvinyorwa zvebhuku. Kune chidimbu chebhuku chisina kubvunzwa chizere, chimiro chinotevera chinoshandiswa:
Surname, Zita remunyori wechimedu (gore rekuburitswa). "Musoro wechimedu". Muzita, Kuumbwa kana zita rebhuku (mapeji. Guta, Nyika yekuburitswa: Edhisheni.
- Endesa zvinyorwa zvemagazini. Kusanganisira chinyorwa chemunyori mune iro bhaibheri, iyo yekunyora ruzivo ine chekuita nenhamba uye vhoriyamu yeiyo periodical inofanira kuverengerwa:
Surname, Zita remunyori wenyaya (Zuva rekuburitswa). "Chinyorwa chinyorwa". Zita remagazini. Vhoriyamu (Nhamba), mapeji. peji rondedzero yechinyorwa.
- Endesa zvinyorwa online. Zvinyorwa zvepaInternet zvakadomwa mumavara zvinofanirwa kunge zvine iyo URL, kuti itorezve uye kubvunzwa:
Zita rekupedzisira, Zita remunyori kana riripo (Zuva rekuburitswa). "Chinyorwa chinyorwa". Zita remagazini yepaIndaneti. Kudzorerwa kubva ku http: // www. URL kero yechinyorwa.
- Endesa zvinyorwa zvekudhinda. Kutaura zvinyorwa kubva mumagazini, ruzivo rwakazara pane nzvimbo yechinyorwa chinopihwa, kusanganisira munyori (kana aripo):
Nemunyori: Zita rekupedzisira, Zita remunyori (Zuva rekuburitswa). "Chinyorwa chinyorwa". Zita repepanhau, peji renji.
Hapana munyori: "Musoro wenyaya" (Zuva rekuburitswa). Zita repepanhau, peji renji.
- Refer mapeji ewebhu. Kuisa peji reInternet risiri repamhepo magazini kana pepanhau, inotevera fomati inoshandiswa:
Zita rekupedzisira, Zita remunyori (Zuva rekuburitswa). Musoro wewebhu peji. Nzvimbo yekuburitswa: Vaparidzi. Kudzorerwa kubva: http: // www. URL yeiyo peji
- Tarisa firimu. Kune ese marudzi emitambo yekugadzirwa kwemafirimu, fomati inotora director semunyori webasa uye inopa ruzivo rekambani yekugadzira:
Surname, Zita remunyori (Gore rekuonekwa). Firimu zita. Imba yekugadzira.
- Enderera ne: Misoro yekufarira kufumura
