Phonemesi

Zvemukati

• Hunhu hwephoneme
• Mhando dzemaphonemu
• Mhando dzemakonzonendi emazwi
• Mhando dzemavhawero emazwi
• Maponemoni emakonsonendi
• Mafoni emazwi

A phoneme Icho chidiki cheyuniti yekutaura ine ruzha runogona kuva vhawero kana konsonendi. Kubatana kana concatenation yemaphonemesi inogadzira morphemes. Semuyenzaniso: / a /, / g /.

Tsamba imwe neimwe idonhwe iro, zvakare, rinonyorwa pakati pemagirama, kureva kuti, madhaikisheni anovhara tsamba. Semuyenzaniso: / b /.

Iko kusanganiswa kwemafonimi aya kunoguma nemamofimu (mashoma anoreva zvikamu). Izvi, zvakare, zvinoumba izwi.

phoneme + phoneme = morpimi

morpheme + morpheme = izwi

• Onawo: Morphemes uye lexemes

Hunhu hwephoneme

• Hazvigovanike.
• Izvo hazvina zvazvinoreva zvacho.
• Iyo inogona kupindura kune akasiyana graphemes. Semuenzaniso, iyo grapheme / B / inosanganisira mafonimi B, V, v uye b.

Mhando dzemaphonemu

• Maponemu echikonzonendi. Iwo mavara anonyorwa, ayo anoda tsamba yakaratidzwa (vhawero) yekuwedzeredzwa kwemamofimu. Aya maponemoni anonyorwa: / B /, / C /, / D /, / F /, / G /, / H /, / J /, / K /, / L /, / M /, / N /, / Ñ /, / P /, / Q /, / R /, / S /, / T /, / V /, / W /, / X /, / Y /, / Z /.
• Mafoni emazwi. Iwo mavara evhawero, ayo anogona kushandiswa ari ega kana achiperekedzwa nemakonsonendi ekuumbwa kwemofimu. Aya mavheoni manzwi: / A E I O U /.

Mhando dzemakonzonendi emazwi

Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yenhengo dzemuromo

• Bilabial. Miromo miviri inobata. Semuyenzaniso: / p /, / b /, / m /.
• Labiodental. Muromo wezasi unobatwa nemazino ekumusoro emuromo. Semuyenzaniso: / F /.
• Kupindira. Rurimi rwuri pakati pemeno. Semuyenzaniso: / z /, / c /.
• Mazino. Mune ino kesi rurimi rwuri kuseri kwemazino ekumusoro. Semuyenzaniso: / t /, / d /.
• Alveolar. Rurimi runofanira kuve pamudzi wemazino ekumusoro. Semuyenzaniso: / s /, / l /, / r /, / rr /, / n /.
• Palatal. Rurimi runorova mukanwa. Semuyenzaniso: / ch /, / ll /, / ñ /, / y /.
• Kuchengetedza. Rurimi runofanira kuiswa pamuromo munyoro. Semuyenzaniso: / k /, / g /, / j /.

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekutsanangura

• Occlusive. Muromo unochengeta kwechinguva kana kuvhara zvachose. Semuyenzaniso: / p /, / t /, / k /, / b /, / d /, / g /
• Fricative. Mhepo inopinda mumuromo uye inopfuura ichikwira, ichiburitsa ruzha. Semuyenzaniso: / f /, / z /, / j /, / y /, / s /
• Africricate. Izwi rinogadzirwa nekuvharirwa uyezve kukakavara kunoitika. Semuyenzaniso: / ch /
• Rutivi. Mhepo inopinda uye inokwesha mativi emukati memuromo. Semuyenzaniso: / l /, / ll /
• Vibrant. Mhepo inopinda uye inoita kudedera kudiki kwetip yerurimi painopfuura. Semuyenzaniso: / rr /, / r /
• Nasal. Zvinoitika panobuda chikamu chemhepo kuburikidza nemhino. Semuyenzaniso: / m /, / n /, / ñ /

Maererano nenzwi ravanogadzira

• Matsi. Iko hakuna kudengenyeka kwetambo dzenzwi. Semuyenzaniso: / p /, / t /, / ch /, / k /, / z /, / s /, / j /, / f /
• Sonorous. Izwi rinogadzirwa nekudengenyeka kwetambo dzenzwi. Semuyenzaniso: / b /, / d /, / g /, / y /, / m /, / n /, / ñ /, / l /, / ll /, / r /, / rr /

Mhando dzemavhawero emazwi

Zvinoenderana nepfungwa yekutaura

• Nzvimbo yepamberi. Semuyenzaniso: / e /, / i /
• Central zone. Semuyenzaniso: / ku /
• Nzvimbo yepashure. Semuyenzaniso: / o /, / u /

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekutsanangura

• Vhura. Semuyenzaniso: / ku /
• Semi-yakavhurika. Semuyenzaniso: / e /, / kana /
• Yakavharwa. Semuyenzaniso: / i /, / u /

Maponemoni emakonsonendi

Zvinoenderana nekutaura kwayo:

• BILABIAL

1. Mkumá
2. Pkukanganisa
3. Patin
4. Pelota
5. Manguera
6. Bote
7. Buque

• LABIODENTAL

1. Fkupedza
2. Fmari
3. Fmukati
4. Fabula

• KUNYIKA

1. Ckupinda
2. Zrova
3. Cenizas
4. Zndarama

• DZISO

1. Dient
2. Tren
3. Dedal
4. Doncella
5. Tranvía
6. Transportuye

• ALVEOLAR

1. NNdira
2. Pkukanganisa
3. Sol
4. La
5. Lagarku
6. Rtai
7. Niino
8. Natal

• PALATAL

1. Uyeugo
2. Chile
3. Chuleta
4. Llmazambiringa
5. Uyeerba

• KUTI UVE nechokwadi

1. Guía
2. Kilogram
3. Gakasungwa
4. Gkushandiswa
5. Jirafa
6. Justo

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekutsanangura

• YAKANAKA

1. Peña
2. Bkanadega
3. Dkudkana
4. Duquesa
5. Dona
6. tndinotyora

• KUNYANYA

1. Silla
2. Sillon
3. Zoquete
4. Jabali

• AFRIKA

1. Chocolate
2. Chimenea
3. Cuchku
4. CuchAron

• SIDE

1. Llanoda
2. Lndarama
3. Lsangano
4. Llmakwai

• VIBRANT

1. Ruta
2. Puerta
3. Périwe
4. Ranoda
5. TOrruinar
6. Ruina

• NASAL

1. Ñkunvaviri
2. Ñoquis
3. Mkuñkunku
4. Mkunkuntial

Mafoni emazwi

Zvinoenderana nepfungwa yekutaura

KUMASHURE MBERI

1. Uyeluyenakauye
2. Iniglesiku

PAKATI ZVAKANAKA

1. TOimba yekuchengetera
2. Lkutku

ZARO REKUShure

1. Úinobatsira
2. kanaskana

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekutsanangura

Vhura

1. TOuto
2. TOwadhiropu

SEMI VAVhura

1. KANAstra
2. Uyenyeredzi
3. Uyestrkanafa

Yakavharwa

1. Inilusion
2. KANAiwe enda