simba re hydraulic

Zvemukati

• Zvakanakira hydropower
• Kukanganisa kwemagetsi emagetsi
• Mienzaniso yemagetsi emagetsi
• Dzimwe mhando dzesimba

Iyo simba re hydraulic (inonziwo simba remvura kana hydropower) inowanikwa nekuda kwesimba reinetic uye simba rinogona kuitika remvura (senge mapopoma kana nzizi) nemafungu.

Kinetic simba isimba iro chero muviri unaro nekutenda kufamba kwaro. Semuenzaniso, kana tikasendamira penzura pabepa ndokuribata rakadzikama, penzura haina kuendesa chero simba kubepa (hapana simba reinetic).

Kune rimwe divi, kana tikarova bepa nezano repenzura, ndiko kuti, tinorifambisa nekumhanya, penzura inotyora bepa nekutenda kune simba rayo rekinetic. Neichi chikonzero, hydropower Haibve mumakungwa kana mumadziva, asi kubva mumitumbi yemvura, senzizi nemakungwa.

Simba rinogoneka nderiri muchinhu nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro ine hukama mukati mehurongwa. Semuenzaniso, apuro riri pamuti rine simba rinokwanisa rekudonha kwaro, kureva kuti, simba rinogoneka rakakura kana apuro iri rakakwira.

Shandisa iyo simba rine simba remvura zvinoreva kuti musiyano wehurefu pakati penzvimbo kunobva mvura uye nekwaunowira kunoshandiswa. Simba raanodonha naro nekumhanyisa kwegiravhiti rinoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi.

Onawo: Mienzaniso yeMagetsi muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva

Zvakanakira hydropower

• Isimba rinowedzerwazve: Mune mamwe mazwi, haizoperi nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo, nekuda kwekutenderera kwemvura. Kunyangwe kana huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura hukabuda mudziva ndokupfuura nepanzvimbo yemagetsi yemagetsi, mvura iyoyo inodzokera mudura nekuda kwekutenderera kwemvura, izvo zvinozokonzeresa kuti mvura idzoke uye idzokere muchimiro chemvura.
• Kuita kwepamusoro: Kusiyana nemamwe masimba anovandudzwa (senge simba rezuva), nzvimbo diki inodiwa kuwana huwandu hwesimba.
• Hazvigadziri huturu hune chepfu: Senge izvo zvinogadzirwa nemamwe masosi esimba akadai se zvisaririra.
• Zvakachipa: Kushanda kwayo kwakasununguka pamitengo yemafuta. Kunyangwe iko kuvaka kweiyo magetsi emagetsi chirimwa kunogona kudhura kwazvo, hupenyu hwayo hunobatsira hunogona kupfuura makore zana.

Kukanganisa kwemagetsi emagetsi

• Kunyangwe paine mafomu emagetsi emagetsi asingakanganisi nharaunda, mazhinji acho magetsi emagetsi, ayo anogadzira matura, ndiko kuti, mafashama enzvimbo hombe dzenyika dzakakomberedza raimbove rwizi. Izvi zvine hunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, zvichimanikidza kuchinjiswa kwemarudzi mazhinji uye nekugadzirisa zvinoshamisa nyika.
• Iyo ecosystem inogadziridzwa zvakare kuzasi kwerwizi nekuti mvura inobuda mumadhamu haina sediment, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukurumidza kukukurwa kwemahombekombe erwizi. Uye zvakare, kuyerera kwerwizi kunochinjwa zvakanyanya munguva pfupi.

Mienzaniso yemagetsi emagetsi

HYDROELECTRIC STATIONS

Vanoshandura simba riri mumvura kuita simba remagetsi. Ivo vanoshandisa iro rinogona kuve simba remvura hombe yemvura (iro dziva kana rakagadzirwa dziva) nekuda kwekusaenzana kwayo nemubhedha werwizi. Mvura inodonhedzwa kuburikidza ne turbine, umo simba rayo rinoshandurwa kuita kinetic simba (kufamba) uye turbine inoichinja kuita simba remagetsi.

Iyo yekutanga hydroelectric chirimwa yakavakwa mukati 1879 kuNiagara Falls. Parizvino, iyi ndiyo yakachipa pashiri simba, nekuda kwekuchengetedza kwakaderera kunodiwa nezvivakwa uye huwandu hwesimba hunowanikwa zuva nezuva.

MVURA MVURA

Ivo vanoshandisa iyo kinetic simba rerwizi. Inonzi chigayo nekuti mumashandisiro ayo ekutanga yaishandiswa kukuya zviyo. Mvura inofambisa mashizha evhiri iro rinowanikwa rakanyudzwa zvishoma mumvura nzira. Kubudikidza neseti yemagiya, kufamba kwevhiri kwakadaro kunofambisa matombo akatenderera anonzi kukuya mavhiri anotsimbirira tsanga, achiashandura upfu.

Parizvino, mavhiri emvura anokwanisa zvakare kushandiswa kuwana magetsi kuburikidza ne transformer, yakafanana nekushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.

Nekudaro, huwandu hwesimba rinowanikwa hwakaderera zvakanyanya sezvo mvura ichifamba nekukurumidza nekuda kwekuti kusaenzana kwechisikwa kwenzizi kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura uko kunoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi. Mavhiri ekutanga emvura akavakwa muGreek yekare, muzana ramakore rechitatu BC.

HOSVA DZEMAHARA

Iyo inzira chaiyo yekushandisa simba remvura. Yakarongedzwa mu:

• Simba rinobva kumagungwa emvura: Mafungu egungwa ari kufamba pamusoro pemvura yegungwa. Izvo zvinogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, senge kutenderera kwePasi nemhepo. Rotors anoshandiswa kutora mukana weiyo kinetic simba remvura.
• Osmotic simba: Mvura yegungwa ine munyu, kureva kuti, ine mukombe we unobuda. Rwizi, kune rumwe rutivi, haruna munyu. Musiyano wekusungwa kwemunyu pakati penzizi nemakungwa unounza kunonoka kumanikidza osmosis, apo iwo marudzi maviri emvura akapatsanurwa ne membrane. Musiyano wekumanikidza pamativi maviri eiyo membrane unogona kushandiswa mune turbine.
• Thermal simba kubva kugungwa (tidal wave): Musiyano wetembiricha pakati pemvura yegungwa yakadzika (kutonhora) uye isina kudzika (kudziya) inobvumira chishandiso chinopisa kutamiswa kuti chigadzire magetsi.

Dzimwe mhando dzesimba