Zvemukati
Iyo pH chidimbu chinomiririra kugona kwehydrogen, uye chinoshanda sechiyero cheasidhi kana alkalinity ye kupera, inoratidza kuwanda kwehydronium ions inowanikwa mune mhinduro.
Izvo zvinoratidzwa izvo pane kuwirirana kwakazara pakati pekusungwa kweiyo hydrogen ions uye neiyo acidity ye fumaAkasimba maasidhi ane akakwirira kuwanda kwehydrogen ions, nepo isina kusimba acids iine yakadzika kuwanda.
Masvomhu, iyo pH Iyo inotsanangurwa seyekupedzisira logarithm yekudzokorora kwechiitiko cheiyo hydrogen ion mune mhinduro. Iko kushanda kwe logarithm kunoshandiswa kuenzanisa maitiro, kuti iyo nhamba ive nechinangwa chayo pachayo. Chiyero chakaunzwa nekemisiti Sorenson, uyo akapa chiyero zita rayo kusvika 1924.
Iyo pH chikero chakaiswa pakati penhamba 0 ne14: 0 ndiwo magumo easidhi, nepo gumi nemana ari iwo alkaline magumo. Iyo nhamba yechinomwe, yepakati, ndiyo inozivikanwa sekusarerekera pH.
Sezvo kuyerwa?
Nezve kuyerwa kwepH, iri nyore kushandisa kemikari inowanzo shandiswa, inova iyo Litmus bepa. Iri ibasa iro inoshandura ruvara rwayo zvichienderana nemhinduro iyo yakanyudzwa.
Izvo zvinhu zvine acidic zvinoshandura pepa pingi, nepo izvo zvakakosha zvichizoita kuti riite bhuruu. Mamwe emapepa erudzi urwu ane mamaki ematanho, kuitira kuti chero anoshandisa aone chinzvimbo chehydrogen inogona nemuvara chete.
Nekudaro, iro basa raLitmus harishande zvakakwana, uye mune zviitiko zvarinenge risingashande, mudziyo unozivikanwa se pH mita, sensor inoshandiswa mune yemakemikari nzira kuyera pH yemhinduro. Ikoko, sero rekupima kwePH rine mapaipi emagetsi, rimwe rakagadzirwa nekomeri uye rimwe rakagadzirwa negirazi.
Mienzaniso yePH yezvimwe zvinhu
| Ndimu muto (pH 2) | Jisi reranjisi (pH 4) |
| Gastric jisi (pH 1) | Doro (pH 5) |
| Detergent (pH 10.5) | Amoniya (pH 12) |
| Mvura ine sipo (pH 9) | Bleach (pH 13) |
| Mvura yegungwa (pH 8) | Cola soda (pH 3) |
| Lime mvura (pH 11) | Hydrochloric acid (pH 0) |
| Mukaka weMagnesia (pH 10) | Bhatiri (pH 1) |
| Ganda revanhu (pH 5.5) | Sodium hydroxide (pH 14) |
| Mukaka (pH 6) | Mvura yakachena (pH 7) |
| Vhiniga (pH 3) | Ropa (pH 8) |
Nzira yekuchengetedza sei pH nguva dzose?
Dzimwe nguva maitiro erabhoritari anoda kugadzirira uye kuchengetedza mhinduro ne inogara iri pH. Kuchengetwa kwemhinduro iyi kwakanyanya kuomarara pane kugadzirira kwayo, nekuti ikasangana nemhepo inozotora carbon dioxide uye ichawedzera kuva acidic, nepo ikachengetwa mumudziyo wegirazi inozoita alkaline zvakanyanya nekuda kwemhedzisiro. kubva kune girazi.
Iyo buffer mhinduro ndeavo vanokwanisa kuchengeta pH yavo yakatsiga kupokana nekuwedzerwa kwemari shoma ye acids kana zvigadziko zvine simba.
Mhinduro dzerudzi urwu dzakagadzirwa neasidhi isina simba uye munyu weiyo iasiti, kana nekushandisa isina kusimba base uye munyu weiyo imwechete base. Kunyange masero muzvinhu zvipenyu anofanirwa kuchengetedza ingangoita pH, yeiyo enzymatic chiito uye metabolic.
Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso yeAids uye Mabhesi
