15 Mienzaniso yeApplied Sayenzi - Encyclopedia

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Mienzaniso yesainzi yakashandiswa

Iyo Zvakakodzera Science ndizvo izvo izvo Panzvimbo pekumisikidza ratidziro yekufungisisa uye elucubration yedzidziso, inotarisa kugadzirisa matambudziko anoshanda kana matambudziko ekongiri. kuburikidza nekushandisa ruzivo rwakasiyana rwesainzi. Mupfungwa iyoyo ivo vanopesana nesainzi sainzi, chinangwa chayo kungowedzera ruzivo rwevanhu.

Anoshandiswa sainzi akamutsa pfungwa yehunyanzvi, icho chisiri chimwe chinhu kunze kwekukwanisa kushandura chokwadi kuburikidza nematurusi anokwanisa kuita anoshanda mabasa ayo vanhu vasingakwanise isu tega. Inofungidzirwa kuti tekinoroji, zvese muIndustrial Revolution uye muTechnological Revolution yemakore ekupedzisira makumi maviri, yakachinja mararamiro emunhu nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya kupfuura nakare kose.

Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso yeakaomarara uye akapfava Sayenzi

Mienzaniso yesainzi yakashandiswa

Agronomy. Iyo zvakare inonzi agronomic engineering, inosanganisira seti yezivo yesainzi inoshanda kune zvekurima (fizikisi, chemistry, biology, economics, nezvimwewo), nechinangwa chekuvandudza mhando yekuwana nekugadzirisa chikafu nezvirimwa zvigadzirwa.
Astronautics. Sayenzi inoongorora dzidziso uye tsika yekufamba kunze kwenyika, nemamota kana vanhu vasina mota. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa kwezvikepe, magadzirirwo enzira dzekuzviisa munzira, kugadzikana kwehupenyu muchadenga, nezvimwe. Iko kuomarara uye kwakasiyana kwekuferefeta kunotora mukana wematavi akasiyana esainzi mukufarira kwawo.
Biotechnology. Chigadzirwa chekushandiswa kwemushonga, biochemistry uye mamwe sainzi kune chikafu chevanhu uye chikafu, biotechnology inomuka kubva muruoko rweazvino maitiro ekushomeka kwemajini uye kuyedza kwehupenyu, kuzadzikisa zvido zvevanhu vanogara vachikura pasirese. Ungaita sei kuti chikafu chiwedzere kunaka, kuti ungachengetedza sei panguva yekudyara, mabviro ayo mhedzisiro uye mimwe mibvunzo iyo biotechnology inotsvaga mhinduro inoshanda.
Hutano Sayenzi. Pasi pezita iri rakajairika pane seti yezvirango zvine chekuita nehutano hwevanhu uye kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hweveruzhinji, kubva pakushandisa zvishandiso zvemakemikari uye bhayoroji, kugadzira mishonga (pharmacology uye pharmacy), prophylactic nzira (mushonga wekudzivirira) uye mamwe marudzi e hunyanzvi hune chinangwa chekuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu nekuhuwedzera.
Magetsi. Imwe yesainzi yakashandiswa iyo yakachinja zvikuru nyika panguva yeRevolution Revolution yaive magetsi, inokwanisa kugadzira kufamba, basa, mwenje uye kupisa kubva pakubata kwemaerekitironi uye kuyerera kwawo. Inotorwa seyakaiswa bazi refizikisi, kunyange hazvo mamwe madhiri akawanda achishandisa uye achipindira mairi.
Mifananidzo. Kunyangwe zvingave zvisingaite senge, kutora mifananidzo muenzaniso wakanaka wesainzi yakashandiswa kune rakasarudzika basa: kuchengetedza mifananidzo pabepa kana mune mamwe mafomati anotendera iwo kuti aonekwe zvakare mune ramangwana. Mupfungwa iyi, pane chimwe chezvishuwo zvikuru zvevanhu, kunova kuchengetedza zvinhu nenguva, takabatana nemakemikari, fizikisi (kunyanya optics) uye munguva pfupi yapfuura, komputa.
Kuchengeta mombe. Chikamu chezvipfuyo chakashandisawo sainzi mukusimudzira kwayo, iyo inoongorora maitiro ekuvandudza kudyiswa nekudyiwa kwezvipfuyo zvipfuyo, nzira dzekudzivirira zvirwere zvadzo uye, kubva muruoko rwezvokurapa uye biochemistry, nzira yekuwana kubva kwavari muenzaniso unoshanda. chekudya chevanhu.
Komputa. Kubva mukuvandudzika kwakaoma kwemasvomhu yakashandiswa, senge masvomhu modhi uye simulation, informatics kana kuverenga kwakabuda mukupera kwezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri seimwe yeakanyanya kushandiswa kwesainzi yemunhu mukukosha kwemaindasitiri nekutengeserana. Izvi zvinosanganisira macomputer masystem enjiniya, ongororo yekugadziriswa kwedata uye ekunyepera ekufananidzira, kupa mienzaniso mishoma.
Duramazwi. Kana mitauro iri kudzidza kwemitauro nemitauro yakagadzirwa nemunhu, lexicography ibazi resainzi ino inoshandiswa kuhunyanzvi hwekugadzira maduramazwi. Iyo inoshandisa sainzi yemitauro, pamwe ne raibhurari sainzi kana kutsikisa, asi nguva dzose nebasa rimwe chete rekugadzira mabhuku anotendera kuongorora zvinoreva mazwi.
Simbi. Iyo sainzi yesimbi inoisa tarisiro yayo pahunyanzvi hwekutsvaga nekurapa simbi kubva kune avo mamineral ekutanga. Izvi zvinosanganisira akasiyana emhando ekudzora mhando, zvinogoneka alloys, kugadzirwa uye kubata kwea-zvigadzirwa.
Mushonga. Mushonga ndiyo yekutanga yesainzi yakashandiswa yemunhu. Kutora maturusi kubva kubhayoloji, kemesitiri uye fizikisi, uye kunyangwe masvomhu, mushonga unovavarira kudzidza muviri wemunhu uye hupenyu hwevanhu kubva pakuona kwekuvandudza hutano, kugadzirisa zvirwere nekurebesa hupenyu. Izvo, kana uchida, mainjiniya emuviri wemunhu.
Telecommunications. Zvinowanzo taurwa kuti kutaurirana kwakachinja nyika mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, uye ichokwadi. Iyi kuraira kunoshandisa ruzivo rwefizikisi, kemesitiri uye huwandu hweinjiniya kubvumidza chishamiso chekukunda madaro uye kutaurirana nekukasira nekukurumidza kumhanya uchishandisa foni kana komputa chishandiso.
Psychology. Kudzidza kwepfungwa dzevanhu, kunotendera mashandisirwo mazhinji kune ehunyanzvi kana ehupfumi masango ehupenyu hwevanhu, senge kiriniki psychology (inobata kusagadzikana kwepfungwa), magariro (anotarisana nematambudziko ezvehukama), maindasitiri (anotarisana nemunda webasa) uye hombe nezvimwewo. izvo zvinoita psychology chishandiso chinobatsira kuti munhu azvinzwisise iye pachake.
Nanotechnology. Iyi tekinoroji inoshandisa ruzivo rwemakemikari uye rwepanyama rwezvinhu, pamwe nehupenyu uye mushonga nezve hupenyu, kunyora maindasitiri, ekurapa kana ehupenyu mhinduro kumatambudziko mazhinji ezuva nezuva paatomiki kana mamorekuru (nanometric scale). Yakanakira kugadzirwa kwemachina ari kure anodzorwa microscopic michina, inokwanisa kugadzira kana kutsikisa zvinhu zvinoenderana nemaitiro chaiwo aunoda.
Injiniya. Unyanzvi isetani yesainzi uye tekinoroji matekinoroji neruzivo izvo, zvakarongedzwa mumatavi akasiyana siyana ezvekufarira, zvinotendera munhu kuvandudza, kugadzira uye kugadzira maturusi ayo anofambisa, anodzivirira uye anovandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu. Masvomhu, fizikiki, kemesitiri uye mamwe masainzi anowana shanduko yavo kuita chimwe chinhu chinoshanda muinjiniya.