Na zororo chese chinhu chinobuda kubva pakapfava chinozivikanwa, kuchichinjisa maererano nehurefu. Chiso chenyika, icho chatova chishoma muvhu (sezvo huzhinji hwepasi hwakaumbwa nemvura) chinopa mukukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana.
Chiitiko chejogirafi uye geomorphology ndiwo masayendisiti anova chikamu chejogirafi, sainzi yepasi, chimiro chayo uye zvinoitika zvine chekuita nazvo. Maumbirwo epasi, kune rumwe rutivi, haana kumira: anoitwa shanduko dzinoitika nenzira inononoka.
Maitiro eGeological anogona kuve chigadzirwa chemukati mepasi (volcanic uye seismic chiitiko) kana chigadzirwa chevamiriri vekunze semhepo, mvura uye zvisikwa zvipenyu. Iko kune yakakura kwazvo kuwanda kwe zororo pasi rose. Iyi inotevera rondedzero ichataura mamwe acho, achiperekedzwa nerondedzero pfupi yehunhu hwavo uye mimwe mienzaniso.
- Plateaus: Nzvimbo dzeakasiyana uye mashoma kukwirisa, zvichikonzerwa nekukukurwa kunokonzerwa nemvura kana nemhepo. Musangano uyu hauna kukwira asi wakatsetseka zvishoma.
- Tibet bani
- Andean zvikomo
- Central Plateau yeSpain
- Mapani: Mapani anoonekwa nenzvimbo isina kukwirira kumusoro. Yakaumbwa ne sedimentary matombo, uko iko kuunganidzwa kwenzvimbo kunoitika. Kureba kuri pasi pemamita mazana maviri, uye mune dzimwe nguva vane inodziya mamiriro ekunze.
- Mapani Makuru, muUnited States
- Pampas bani, muArgentina
- Gulf yeMexico Coastal Plain
- Kushungurudzika: Nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzakaderera kupfuura nzvimbo dzakakomberedza. Iko kushushikana kunogona kuve kwehukama kana kuchingori kwakaderera pane kwayakapoteredza, nepo ichizonyatsoita kana iri yakadzika zvakadzika kupfuura mwero wegungwa.
- Grenada kushushikana
- Caspic Kushungurudzika
- Yakakura Bass yeSan Julián
- Cliff: Rocky slope yakafumurwa yakatwasuka.
- Dan Brist, muIreland
- Dombo Old murume, muScotland
- Njodzi og Kellingin matombo muFaeroe Islands
- Miromo: Nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzinobva mukubonderana pakati petectonic mahwendefa. Kukwidziridzwa kunoiswa mucherechedzo uye makomo anoumbwa, chiitiko chakaitika kazhinji kwazvo munguva yeCenozoic. Iwo akanyanya kunongedzwa anowanikwa munguva yehudiki, nepo ekare-diki ari madiki.
- Gomo Everest
- Gomo lhotse
- Gomo Makalu
- Makomo emakomo: Boka remakomo akarongedzwa pane imwe nhanho kubva kune imwe, achienderera.
- Andes makomo
- Makomo eHimalaya
- Makomo eCantabrian
- Peninsula: Chikamu chenyika chakakomberedzwa nemvura pamativi matatu, chakabatanidzwa kukondinendi kuburikidza netambo.
- Florida peninsulas
- Peninsula yeValdés
- Sinai peninsula
- Zvikomo: Makomo akadzika kwazvo.
- Kenya chikomo
- Teide chikomo, muTenerife
- Elgon Chikomo
- Canyon: Rwizi rwunogadzirwa nekukukurwa kwakakonzerwa nerwizi. Iyo canyon madziro inoumba mawere.
- Kanado yeColorado
- Lobos rwizi canyon
- Sianok Canyon
- Mipata: Nzvimbo dzakatetepa umo mvura inonyunguduka mugomo inomhanya. Kukurwa kwevhu kunoitika nenzira yekuti mhando ye 'U' inogona kuonekwa.
- Tierra Mayor Valley
- Acatlán Valley
- Mupata weSalinas
Pane rimwe divi, zvakare mugungwa mhando dzakasiyana dzekuyamura dzinoumbwa. Iyo peninsulas, inotaurwa seyakagadzika, iine hukama hwayo mune yakasarudzika nzira yemvura: mubatanidzwa wepeninsula nenzvimbo yese inonzi ismus. Mumakungwa egungwa anogona zvakare kuoneka, semhedzisiro yekupinda kwegungwa pamhenderekedzo. Panogona kuve nemabays, matunduru, fjords kana zviwi, pamwe nezvitsuwa nemusoro.
