Zvemukati
Imwe mhuka inofungidzirwa kuva onNgozi yekutsakatika apo huwandu hwemienzaniso mhenyu hwakadzikira zvekuti mhando dzinogona kutsakatika zvachose pasi. Uku kutsakatika kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekusarudzika kwekuvhima, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze kana kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yemhuka.
Chiitiko chekuratidzwa kwekutsakatika kwemarudzi ese chaive icho chedodo kana drone shiri (Raphus cucullatus), shiri isina kubhururuka kubva kuMauritius Islands muIndian Ocean, iyo kunyangarika kwayo pasi pano kwakaitika mukupera kwezana ramakore regumi nemanomwe uye mumaoko emunhu, zvichipiwa kuti zvaive nyore sei kuvhima nekuti mhuka yaishaya zvikara.
Parizvino iripo runyorwa rutsvuku rweakakomba ari panjodzi yemiti nemarudzi emhuka, Yakabatanidzwa muna2009 nemakumi matatu ezviuru zvakanyorwa zvakasiyana. Sangano reInternational Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) riri pamusoro pekugadzirisa runyorwa urwu. uye kuongorora nekusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvisikwa izvi, kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvekuranga kuvhima, kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakasiyana nekusimudzira kuziva pakati pevanhu venyika kuti tave pedyo nekutsakatika kukuru kwemhuka nemhando dzemiti.
Conservation inoti
Kuisa mukana wekutsakatika kwemhuka dzakasiyana kana mhando dzemiti, chikero chinonzi "nyika dzekuchengetedza" chinoshandiswa uye icho Inoumbwa nematunhu matanhatu akasiyana, akarongeka muzvikamu zvitatu zvinoenderana nenjodzi yedzipuka, anoti:
Chekutanga chikamu: RODZOKA ROSK. Ndidzo mhando dzinopa kunetseka kushoma mukutarisana nekutsakatika. Inoumbwa nenyika mbiri dzakasiyana:
- Kunetsekana Kunetseka (LC). Mhando dzakawanda pasi pano dzinowanikwa pano, idzo dzisingape pakarepo kana padyo nenjodzi yekuderera kwehuwandu hwevanhu vadzo.
- Pedyo nekutyisidzirwa (NT). Idzi ndidzo mhuka dzemhuka dzisingakwanise zvinodiwa kuti zvionekwe sengozi yekutsakatika, asi ramangwana rayo rinoratidza kuti dzinogona kunge dziri munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Chikamu chechipiri: ZVINOTYISWA. Mhando pamatanho akasiyana enjodzi yekunyangarika anowanikwa pano, akarongedzwa mumatunhu matatu akasiyana:
- Vanotambura (VU). Mhando idzi dzinosangana nezvinodiwa kuti zvionekwe panjodzi yekutanga nzira yekutsakatika, zvinoreva kuti vanogona kunge vasina kutsakatika zvakadaro, asi munguva pfupi iri kuuya vanenge vasina kana chaitwa. Anofungidzirwa kuti mazana mana nemakumi matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe emarudzi emhuka aive muchikamu ichi muna2008.
- Pangozi (EN). Mhando dzazvino dziri kutsakatika, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwevanhu vari kudzikira nekukurumidza. Kurarama munguva yemhando mazana maviri nemakumi mana nemana emhuka dziri muchikamu ichi (2009) kuri kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya kana tikasaita chinhu nezvazvo.
- Inoparara Pangozi (CR). Izvi zvipenyu zviri padanho rekutsakatika, saka zvinonetsa kuwana mienzaniso mhenyu. Kudonha muhuwandu hwavo kunofungidzirwa kuve makumi masere kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana muzana mumakore gumi apfuura. Rondedzero muna2008 yaive nemhando yemhuka mazana matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu nenomwe.
Chikamu chechitatu: EXTINTED. Mhando dzakatsakatika mupasi redu dzinowanikwa pano, dzingave dzatsakatika zvachose (EX) kana kutsakatika musango (EW), ndiko kuti, vanhu chete vakazvarwa uye vakakurira mukutapwa vakasara.
Mienzaniso yemhuka dziri panjodzi
- Panda bere (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Iyo zvakare inonzi Giant Panda, iyo mhando iri kure yakatodzana neyakajairika mabheya, iine hunhu nhema uye chena mvere. Native kune yepakati China, kune 1600 chete masampuli musango uye 188 mukutapwa (2005 manhamba). Icho chiratidzo cheWWF (World Wide Fund yeMasikirwo) kubvira 1961, sezvo iri imwe yemarudzi anotyisidzirwa pasi rose.
- Bhuruu finch (Fringilla polatzeki). Pakutanga kubva kuGran Canaria, chitsuwa cheSpain chiri pamahombekombe eAfrica eSahara, iri bhuruu (yechirume) kana yebhuruni (yechikadzi) shiri yakafanana nemasango eCanarian pine, saka iri pakati pe1000 ne1900 metres kukwirira. Parizvino iri kutyisidzirwa nekutsakatika, pachokwadi iri imwe yeshiri dzinotyisidzirwa kwazvo pasirese, nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwenzvimbo yaro nekuda kwekucheka matanda zvisina tsarukano.
- Mexican grey mhumhi (Canis lupus baileyi). Iyi subspecies yemhumhi idiki diki iripo, pane makumi matatu anogara kuNorth America. Maumbirwo uye saizi yavo yakafanana neiya yembwa iri pakati nepakati, kunyangwe maitiro avo ari manheru. Ivo vaimboita iyo Sonoran Desert, Chihuahua, uye pakati mexico yavo habitatAsi kudzikiswa kwemhuka kwakatungamira kuti varwise zvipfuyo uye vakagashidzwa zvine utsinye mukudzorera kwakatungamira mukutsakatika.
- Gorilla remakomo (Gorilla beringei beringei). Imwe yema subspecies maviri egorila yekumabvazuva, iine vanhu vaviri chete musango mupasi. Ivo vaive protagonists ema studio aDian Fossey akaratidzwa mufirimu Gorilla muMist (1988).
- Mhuka yekunechando (Ursus maritimus). Vakatambudzwa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iyo inonyungudutsa matanda, pamwe nekusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvhima zvisina tsarukano nemaEskimo, aya mabheya machena, imwe ye vanodya nyama pakukura pasirese, vari munzvimbo yekushushikana kunogona kukurumidza kukonzera kutsakatika. Muna 2008 huwandu hwayo hwese hunofungidzirwa pavanhu zviuru makumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri nezvishanu, makumi matatu kubva muzana pane zvaive makore makumi mashanu apfuura.
- Leatherback Turtle (Dhemocheys coriacea). Inozivikanwa seye leatherback, cana, cardón, leatherback kana tinglar turtle, ndiyo hombe pane ese egungwa turtle, inokwanisa kuyera 2.3 metres pakureba uye inorema angangoita 600 kg. Inogara mumahombekombe enzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, iri kutyisidzirwa nekuvhima nekutengesa nekugadzirisa kwevanhu mabhishi anovashandira kuti vabereke, izvo zvinosanganisira njodzi nyowani dzemazai avo kana dzevechidiki dzichangoburwa.
- Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). Iyi inodya feline inopararira kuIberian Peninsula yakafanana nekatsi yemusango. Iyo iri yega uye inofamba-famba, uye iri panjodzi yekutsakatika, munzvimbo mbiri dziri dzoga muAndalusia. Kune njodzi dzinowanzoitika dzezvipenyu zvinorarama nemurume wepanguva ino, chikafu chakakosha chefeline chinofanira kuwedzerwa, icho chinomisikidza pakuvhima dzinenge tsuro chete.
- Bengal ingwe (Panthera tigris tigris). Inozivikanwa seRoyal Bengal tiger kana ingwe yeIndia, iyi mhuka inozivikanwa pasi rese nekuda kweiyo orenji uye ine mitsetse yakasviba-mitsetse, pamwe nehukasha hwayo uye hunoshamisa, hunoshamisa. Yakave ichivhimwa zvakanyanya pamusoro pemakumi emakore ehuswa hwayo, kunyangwe iri mhuka yenyika dzenyika dzakaita seIndia neBangladesh, uye inoonekwa sengozi yekutsakatika mukutarisana nekukura kwenzvimbo dzevanhu.
- Axolotl kana axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Iyi mhando yemamphibian yekuzvarwa kunzvimbo dzeMexico inonyanya kushevedzera, nekuti haina kusangana neshanduko senge mamwe ese amphibians uye inogona kusvika mukukura pabonde ichiri nehunhu hweguruva (gills). Kuvapo kwayo mutsika dzeMexico kune zvakawanda uyezve nekuda kwechikonzero icho chakapihwa kuvhima kukuru, sekudya, chipfuwo kana sosi yezvinhu zvekurapa. Pamwe pamwe nekusvibiswa kwemvura, izvi zvakakonzera njodzi yakatsakatika yekutsakatika.
- Java Rhino (Chipembere probeicus). Saizvozvowo chipembere cheIndia, asi chakanyanya kushomeka, iyi Southeast Asia mhuka iri musiyano mudiki wemhuka imwechete inorema, ine zvombo ine runyanga runotariswa zvakanyanya muchinyakare mushonga wechiChinese. Nekuda kweizvi uye nekuparadzwa kwenzvimbo yaro iri munjodzi yakakomba yekutsakatika, ine huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwevanhu vasingasvike zana vanhu pasirese.
Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso Yematambudziko Ezvakatipoteredza
