Zvicherwa

Zvemukati

• Mineral deposits
• Mamwe mamineral aripo mune zvakasikwa
• Unogona kukushandira
• Mhando dzezvicherwa
• Zvivakwa

Iyo zvicherwaIzvo zvinhu zvisina kujairika zvemakemikari akaumbwa, ayo anowanikwa mumatombo akasiyana-siyana anomuka kubva munzira dzekuparara kwevhu.

Kunyangwe mamwe maminera achiumbwa nechinhu chimwechete (zvicherwa zvemuno), mazhinji acho akaumbwa kubva maitiro emakemikari izvo zvakaitika munzvimbo dzekutanga dzevhu reNyika kare kare uye zvinosanganisira akasiyana makemikari zvinhu.

Iwo makuru emaminerari anoenderana nemakemikari mhuri dze sulfide, sulfates uye sulfosalts; ariwo akasiyana zvakajairika zvicherwa oxides, carbonates, nitrate, borates, phosphates uye silicates.

Huwandu hwekugona kusanganiswa kwe makemikari zvinhu inoshamisa chaizvo uye inotsanangura, muchidimbu, iyo hombe renji maumbirwo, mavara, saizi uye magadzirirwo yakapihwa zvicherwa. Atmospheric uye geological phenomena zvakare zvakakonzera maitiro ekuumbwa.

Inogona kukushandira:

• Mienzaniso yeIgneous Rocks
• Mienzaniso yeMamineral salt

Mineral deposits

Iyo zvicherwa ndiwo matura echisikigo ezvinhu izvi izvo nzanga yazvino inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvinokura zve indasitiri.

Kuti uwane zvicherwa, zvinodikanwa kuti kuchera, ndiko kuti, matsime akatwasuka ayo anozoita mataundi akaturikidzana.

Izvi zviri kupararira zvichitevera iyo ore reef iwe unoda kushandisa, asi iwe unogona zvakare kuita yakavhurika mugodhi kuchera, kana zvicherwa zvacho zviri pamusoro pepamusoro.

Iyo kuchera chiitiko chengozi yakakura yekuita basa nekuda kwekukanganisa kwetsaona uye zvakare zvisina hutano zvakanyanya, nekuda kwekushuvira kwezvinhu zvinogumbura zvefema.

Makumi maviri emaminerari akanyorwa pazasi, semuenzaniso:

1. chibaya: yero yeruvara, yakawanda yenguva yacho inowanikwa mune yakakura fomu. Chinenge zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvehuremu hwayo zvinoenderana nesimbi nemhangura, saka chalcopyrite inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune zvinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri. Mune zvimwe zviitiko iwe unogona kuve negoridhe nesirivheri, saka kufarira kwairi kunowedzera.
2. azurite: iyo yakapfava zvicherwa ine ruvara rwebhuruu, inosanganisirwa nemalachite, inowanzo kufukidza zvicherwa zvakasiyana zviripo muchikamu chepamusoro chemadhipoiti. Iyo inoshandiswa sedombo rekushongedza uye zvakare seyakajeka.
3. malachite: inotorwa kubva padombo rakapfava iro rakanyanya kuisa muZaire nhasi. Inowanzo shandiswa muzvishongo, kunyangwe zvekurapa zvivakwa zvakare zvichinzi ndezvayo.
4. magnetite: inowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzegneous kana metamorphic matombo, iri iron iron. Iyo brittle uye yakaoma, uye yakagadzikana kwazvo patembiricha dzakakwirira, izvo zvinoita kuti ive dziviriro yakanaka yemabhaira machubhu. Kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri kunosvika pakuvaka, uko kunoshandiswa kukongiri.
5. goridhe rekuzvarwa: simbi yakakosha inoshandiswa kunyanya muzvishongo nezvishongo zvegoridhe, zvakare inoshandiswa mune zvemagetsi, mazino uye epurasitiki. Mutengo waro wepamusoro wakabatana nekushomeka uye kuomerwa pakuiwana, izvi zvinotadzisa mashandisiro ayo.
6. aragonite: ine kuwanda kwemavara, inowanikwa mune hydrothermal veins, kazhinji mune yakaderera tembiricha mamiriro. Dzimwe mhando dzinoshandiswa semabwe ekushongedza.
7. siderite: inoumbwa munzvimbo dzine madota dzakapfuma mune zvakasikwa, ine ruvara pakati peyellow brown uye greenish grey. Kukosha kwayo kwakakosha kuri mukutora simbi, ndosaka ichiita senge kiyi chicherwa muindasitiri yesimbi.
8. bauxite: dombo rakaumbwa zvakanyanya nealumumina. Kazhinji inotyisa uye yakajeka, yakapfava uye yevhu-yakafanana. Iyo inoshandiswa seyakagadzirwa mbichana kuwana aluminium, iyo inoita kuti ive yakakosha, sezvo aluminium yakakosha kune akasiyana maindasitiri.
9. website: inouya nemirau pakati pechena, pfumbu kana nhema, kunyangwe ichigona zvakare kunge isina ruvara. Yakabatana nemamineral ekutanga senge galena uye sphalerite, inomiririra sosi yakakosha yekuwana lead.
10. pyrite: mineral yakafanana negoridhe, inoshandiswa kuwana sulfuric acid. Kufanana kwavo negoridhe kwave kuri kwekunyengera, kunyangwe kumeso akarovedzwa iwo maminera maviri anosiyaniswa.
11. rhodochrosite: chicherwa chakaumbwa zvakanyanya nezve magnesium carbonate, tsvuku kune pingi, yakajeka zvishoma. Iripo muArgentina, United States neRussia, uye mashandisiro ayo anotangira kubva pazvishongo kusvika pakugadzira zvidhori.
12. Goldstone: isina ruvara mune yakachena mamiriro, asi inokwanisa kutora akasiyana mavara kana asanganiswa. Iine piezoelectric properties (inopindura maitiro emagetsi nekugadzira magetsi), iyo inoshandiswa mumagetsi ekutanga. Iyo ndiyo yakawanda kwazvo zvicherwa muguruva repasi, uye madhipatimendi eBrazil ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa pasi rese.
13. feldspars: akaomarara uye akawandisa zvicherwa, kutsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 900 ° C). Ivo vakashanda mukuvandudza kwemafuta emoto, uye mugirazi uye ceramics indasitiri.
14. nhema mica: inoumba 3.8% yepasi, ine hunhu hwakadai sekushora kupisa nemvura, izvo zvinoita kuti ive yakakosha chicherwa cheindasitiri. Magetsi emagetsi akagadzirwa ne mica, iyo inongonyungudika pane tembiricha iri pamusoro pe1200 ° C.
15. olivine: inowanzo girini muvara, kunyangwe pane dzimwe nguva haina ruvara. Iyo semi-yakaoma uye inowanikwa mune metamorphosed dolomitic limestone. Matombo arimo anoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvinopesana, uye mhando dzayo dziri pachena dzinotsvakwa sematombo anokosha.
16. calcite: chikuru chinoumbwa nemamabule uye mamwe maitiro akadaro. Iyo inoshandiswa kuburitsa isina kuchena tsvina uye inoshandiswa muiyo Optical indasitiri. Inogona kuve nemavara akasiyana.
17. kanda: inoburitswa kubva kune yakavhurika-gomba kana pasi pevhu makomba, kazhinji, kuburikidza nemabasa anoda simba rakawanda. Ichi chicherwa chine mashandisiro mazhinji, asi pasina kupokana chikuru ndechekusanganisa musanganiswa unoshandiswa muindasitiri yekuvaka.
18. nesarufa: yero yero isiri-yesimbi chinhu. Iyo ine yakakura mwenje yekugona uye inosungunuka mumvura mune ayo ese mafomu. Icho chikamu chezviitiko zvakawanda zvevanhu.
19. borax: chena kristaro inonyungudika nyore mumvura. Inowanikwa mune yekugezesa uye mishonga yekuuraya zvipuka, mune zvishongo zvekunamatira goridhe nesirivha, uye mugirazi neindasitiri yehuni.
20. munyu: nzvimbo hombe dzeSouth America dzakafukidzwa nematafura emunyu ane munyu wakasiyana, kusanganisira sodium chloride, ine tafura yemunyu inogadzirwa.

Mamwe mamineral aripo mune zvakasikwa

Unogona kukushandira

• Mienzaniso yeIgneous Rocks
• Mienzaniso yeHome Indasitiri
• Mienzaniso yeMamineral salt

Mhando dzezvicherwa

Zvicherwa zvinogona kuve neakara microscopic chimiro, ichiteera yakasarudzika pateni, kana kusarongeka, isina chaiyo chimiro kana kurongeka.

Dzakare dzinodaidzwa crystalline zvicherwa, Izvi zvinogadzira mavhoriyamu ejometri senge machubhu, prism, mapiramidhi nevamwe. Dzakati wandei anonzi aya anokosha matombo, anoshandiswa muzvishongo, aripo. Iwo masekondi ndiwo amorphous zvicherwa.

Zvakare, zviripo esimbi uye asiri esimbi zvicherwa. Kubva pane zvekare, zvakakosha simbi zvinogona kuwanikwa zve indasitiri, sesimbi, mhangura kana mutobvu; iyo yekupedzisira inonzi zvakare zvicherwa petrogenetics, nekuti iwo anofambidzana nemamwe zvicherwa zvinogadzira matombo, uye zvakare ane akakosha mashandisirwo, kunyanya ekujekeswa kwezvinhu zve kuvaka, kunge lime kana samende.

Zvivakwa

Izvo zvivakwa zvemaminerari zvakakosha pakushandisa kwavo. Izvi zvinowanzoiswa mumapoka matatu: geometric, yepanyama uye kemikari.

Izvo izvo zvakanyanya mamiriro ekushandisa kwavo ndee muviri uye makemikari zvivakwa, izvo zvinosanganisira zvemagetsi hunhu hwakadai kuomarara kana kuomarara; Manyiminya senge Refringence uye electromagnetic senge kuitisa uye kukwezva kwemagineti. Symmetry kana kupenya kunogona zvakare kuve kwekufarira.