Veruzhinji, Voga uye Akasanganiswa Makambani

Zvemukati

• Mienzaniso yemakambani eruzhinji
• Mienzaniso yemakambani akazvimirira
• Mienzaniso yemubatanidzwa

Tinoshevedza kambani kune chero mhando sangano kana rakarongeka revanhu institution, ine zviitwa zvinoteedzera zvebhizimusi kana zvehupfumi zvinangwa nekugutsa zvido zve nhumbi uye / kana masevhisi enharaunda chaiyo, angave ari vanhu vamwe, mamwe makambani kana masangano ehurumende.

Zvinoenderana nebumbiro ravo rekugovana uye nekwakabva guta ravo, vanogona kunge vaine chimiro kana zvishoma zvakatemerwa kuita purofiti kana kumatongerwo eprojekti yehurumende. Saizvozvo, ivo vanogona kuverengerwa se:

• Veruzhinji mabhizinesi. Hurumende ndiyo muridzi kana chero ipi zvayo mugove mukuru. Ivo vanowanzo kuteedzera zvemagariro zvinangwa pamusoro pe purofiti kana, mune zvakanyanya zviitiko, kunyangwe purofiti. Havafanirwe kunge vachivhiringidzwa nemari yeruzhinji nemasangano ehurumende.
• Private mabhizimisi. Yakagadzirwa neyakavanzika capital, kungave kubva kune mumwe muridzi kana kubva kumusangano wevashandi. Kubatsira uye purofiti kazhinji ndizvo zvaunokoshesa.
• Makambani akasanganiswa kana semi-akazvimirira. Guta rayo guru rinouya kubva kune ese akazvimirira uye ehurumende zvikamu, muzvikamu izvo zvisingatenderi ruzhinji kutonga kwekambani, asi zvinopa vimbiso dzedzimwe rubatsiro.

Mienzaniso yemakambani eruzhinji

1. Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). Iyo ikambani yekushandisa oiri (imwe yepamusoro muLatin America) yaive ne100% neVenzuelan State.
2. Ndege dzeArgentina. Ndege yendege yeArgentina State, iyo mitengo inowanzo svikira vanhu, ichiramba ichikwikwidza mumusika wepasi rose.
3. Petrobras. Kambani inotungamira yeBrazil yemafuta negasi, zvakare iri muruzhinji.
4. Statoil. Kambani yemafuta yenyika yeNorway, imwe yeakanyanya musika weScandinavia.
5. Bhengi reMadrid. Caja de Ahorros uye Monte Piedad de Madrid, dangwe kumabhangi ekuchengetedza kuSpain.
6. Spanish Radio neTerevhizheni Corporation (RTVE). Iyo yekutengesa nyika kambani iyo inodzora iyo isina kunangana manejimendi yeSpanish radioelectric spectrum.
7. Mari Yemafuta Minda (YPF). Argentine nyika kambani yebazi rehydrocarbon.
8. Asingaonek. Institute yeNational Housing Fund yeVashandi, Mexican state institution iyo inobhadharira dzimba dzevashandi uye inopa mari kune yeruzhinji mari yekuchengetedza pension pension.
9. Chilean Port Kambani (EMPORCHI). Kambani iyo kusvika 1998 yaishanda semubati wepfuma, kugadzirisa uye kushandisa zvisizvo zveChilean chiteshi.
10. Nippon Hoso Kyokai(NHK). Japan Broadcasting Corporation, inozivikanwa kwazvo yevaJapan vashambadziri veruzhinji.

Onawo: Mienzaniso yePublic Makambani

Mienzaniso yemakambani akazvimirira

1. Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA). Iri bhanga reSpanish repasi rose, rine simba rakakura pamabasa emari muLatin America uye yechipiri yakakura kambani yeSpanish nehuwandu hwezvinhu.
2. Eastman Kodak Kambani. Iyo inozivikanwa American transnational kambani, yakatsaurirwa kugadzirwa kwemafoto zvinhu: makamera, zvishongedzo uye zvishandiso zvemarudzi ese.
3. Panamanian Aviation Kambani (Copa Airlines). Mukubatana kwakarongeka neNorth American United Airlines, ndiyo imwe yendege huru dzakazvimirira muSouth America.
4. Hewlett Packard. Yakagadzirwa muna 1939 uye inozivikanwa seHP, ikambani yeNorth America zvigadzirwa zvemakomputa, imwe yeakakura kwazvo pasirese.
5. Microsoft. IAmerican software colossus, pamwe nemutungamiri wayo Bill Gates, inodhonza mukurumbira wekuve hutsinye uye hwevanhu bhizinesi.
6. Nokia. Finnish Corporation Yezvekutaurirana uye technology, mumwe weane simba kwazvo uye anozivikanwa muindasitiri.
7. Polar Chikafu uye Makambani. Venzuelan kambani yakatsaurirwa kubazi rekwairi uye kugadzirwa kwechikafu kubva muchibage nezvimwe zvigadzirwa.
8. Clarín Boka. Argentine multimedia kambani, inofungidzirwa seyakakura uye ine simba kwazvo venhau musangano munyika, pamwe neumwe weakakura kwazvo munyika yeSpanish.
9. Nintendo Kambani Yakatemerwa. Yepasi rose vhidhiyo yemakambani kambani yeJapan mavambo, yakavambwa muna 1889 uye yakakura kwazvo mumusika wepasi rose.
10. Volkswagen. Kambani yeGerman muchikamu chemotokari uye imwe yeakakura kwazvo muEurope, yakakura kwazvo munyika uye imwe yepamusoro munyika.

Onawo: Mienzaniso yeTransnational Makambani

Mienzaniso yemubatanidzwa

1. Credicoop Inoshanda Bhangi. Iri bhangi rakazvimiririra reArgentina rine zvachose nyika capital, ndiro rakanyanya kubatira bhangi muLatin America.
2. Iberia. Nendege yeSpain par kugona, yakavambwa mu1985 iine huwandu hweruzhinji, kunyangwe kufamba kwenguva kwave kuriita pachivande.
3. Tsvuku Eléctrica de España. Mutengesi mukuru wesimba reSpanish anochengeta makumi maviri kubva muzana emasheya eruzhinji uye mamwe ese ndeapachivande.
4. Agroindustrias Inca Peru EIRL. Andean kambani yakatsaurirwa kugadzirwa kwemiorivhi uye miriwo yechando.
5. Acandí Veruzhinji Vezvekutungamira Yakasanganiswa Kambani. Colombian kambani yekurasa marara uye tsvina yetsvina.
6. Yakasanganiswa Makambani eOrinoco Mafuta Bhandi. Venezuelan consortium yakaumbwa pakati peHurumende nemakambani akasiyanasiyana epasi rose, kuitira kushandiswa kwemahydrocarbon.
7. PetroCanada. Canada hydrocarbon kambani ine capital iri 60% yeruzhinji uye 40% yakavanzika.
8. Shangheber. Chinese -Cuban kambani yekugadzirwa kwemvura interferon, chigadzirwa chemubatanidzwa pakati peCaribbean kambani Heber-Biotec S.A uye iyo Institute of Biological Zvigadzirwa zveShangchun.
9. Electric Kambani yeEcuador. Yakanga iri kambani yakavhenganiswa yaipa magetsi kuguta reGuayaquil, muEcuador, uye iro guta rayo rakanga riri kunyanya North America. Yakashanda kusvika 1982, payakabviswa.
10. INVANIA. Kambani yeArgentina-Saudi yakagadzirwa muna 2015 uye inovavarira kuvandudza tekinoroji, kunyanya izvo zvine chekuita nesimba renyukireya.

Onawo: Mienzaniso yeJoint Ventures