Zvemukati
Iyo kemikari kuumbwa kwenyaya ine ma electron shells; Mune mamwe mazwi, maatomu ayo maumbirwo ese akaumbwa ane denderedzwa rakakomberedzwa nhevedzano yenzira, rimwe nerimwe riine huwandu hwakawanda hwemagetsi.
Yekupedzisira yenzira idzi, ndiko kuti, iyo ine chinhambwe chikuru kubva kuniyukosi yeatomu, inogona kuve nenhamba yakasiyana yemagetsi; izvi ndizvo zvinogadzirisa kugona kwechinhu chose kurega magetsi achipfuura, zvinova izvo inowanzozivikanwa sekuitisa kana kuzvitsaura.
Icho chokwadi chekuti huwandu hwemaerekitironi muchikamu chekunze chakakwirira chinotsanangura kuti sei vasingaregi maerekitironi achipfuura kubva kune chimwe chinhu chinotsvaga kugovana navo, icho chinomiririra chikamu chidiki cheicho chinozivikanwa sesimba. Kana maatomu maviri akasangana, mamiriro aya ndiwo anosarudza kana paine kuchinjaniswa kwemaerekitironi, zvinova izvo, mune magetsi, inoburitsa kufamba kwesimba.
Simba remagetsi rinoshandiswa nenzira iyi, ndiko kuti, kushandiswa kwemusiyano unobvumidza kutanga izvozvi chinhu chakakosha kumunhu, zvekuti nyaya dzine chekuita nekuzvarwa, kugoverwa uye kutengeswa kweizvi simba rakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya.sekushandisa kwekutengeserana nekugara.
Mazhinji magetsi emagetsi anoshandisa simbi, sezvo zvave zvichiratidzwa kuti ndiyo nzira yakanakisa yekupfuura kwesimba: chero zvazvingava, hydrogen ndeyechikamu che hapana simbi uye inogadzira conductor huru yemagetsi.
Nekudaro, kubudirira kwesystem yazvino yemagetsi kunoitika kusvika padanho rekuti inogona kudzorwa, uye izvo zvazvino zvinhu zvinodzikisira zvinogona kuiswa. Zvinoitika kuti, semuenzaniso, muviri wemunhu unoshandisa nhanho dzemagetsi dzinoshanduka zvinoenderana nemashandiro emuviri, asi iyo inogara iri yakaderera pane iyo magetsi magetsi ayo anoverengeka emachina anoshanda.
Neiyi nzira, kana muviri (wakagadzirwa kwazvo nemvura, inoitisa zvinhu) ukasangana nemagetsi aya, zvinoenderana nematanho emagetsi ayo anogona kutangira kubva pakuona kwekuteketera kana kupenda, kusvika pakutsva kwakanyanya uye kungangofa. Mupfungwa iyi, zvakajairika kuti zvinhu zvekudzivirira zvinoshandiswa mumidziyo ine magetsi emagetsi akasimba.
Pakati pekudzivirira zvinhu uye makondakita, chikamu chakaparadzana chinoonekwa icho chiri chema semiconductors. Izvi zvinhu zvine magetsi anodhiraivha kuderera pane ayo esimbi kondakita asi yakakwira kupfuura iyo yakanaka insulator. Muenzaniso isilicon.
- Onawo: Superconducting zvinhu
Mienzaniso yezvinhu zvinoitisa
- Tungsten
- Lanthanum
- Sirivheri
- Aluminium
- Beryllium
- Hydrogen
- Sodium
- Zingi
- Mhangura
- Ndarama
- Potassium
- Magnesium
- Rhodium
- Iridium
- Graphite
Mienzaniso yezvinhu zvekudzivirira
- Polyethylene
- Ceramics
- Rubbers
- Cork
- Quartz
- Wood
- Silicate
- Ivhu
- Mylar
- Rakanyorwa
- Plastiki
- Zvicherwa
- Polystyrene
- Teflon
- Magirazi
- Inotevera ne: Translucent, opaque uye yakajeka
