Zvemukati
AInoshanda Sisitimu (OS) chirongwa kana seti yezvirongwa zvecomputer system, iyo inotarisira zviwanikwa (Hardware), maitiro ekuuraya ezvasara zvemukati (software), pamwe neiyo mushandisi interface.
Maitiro anoshanda (dzimwe nguva anonzi cores kana tsanga) vanourawa nenzira ine runyararo kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvese zve software, ndiro dombo rekona rekushanda kwechikwata, yayo yekutanga inoshanda protocol inobvumidza kumisikidzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa nemushandisi.
Aya masisitimu anowanikwa mune mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi atinoshandisa mazuva ese, kungave kuburikidza nemifananidzo yemashandisi emashandisirwo, nharaunda yedesktop, mamaneja ewindo kana raira mitsara, zvinoenderana nerudzi rwechigadzirwa.
Inogona kukushandira:
- Hardware Mienzaniso
- Software Mienzaniso
- Mienzaniso yeZvipenga Zvishandiso
- Mienzaniso yeZvinobuda Midziyo
- Mienzaniso yePeripherals (uye basa ravo)
Mhando dzeKushandisa Systems
Maitiro Ekushandisa anogona kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nenzira dzakasiyana:
- Kubva pane yako manejimendi manejimendi manejimendi. Iko kune rimwechete-basa Maitiro Ekushandisa, ayo anotendera kuitiswa kwechimwe chirongwa panguva (kunze kwemaitiro eOS pachayo), kudzamara kumiswa kana kukanganisa; uye avo multitaskers avo vanogadzirisa CPU zviwanikwa kubvumira imwe pfungwa ye panguva imwe chete.
- Zvinoenderana neako mushandisi manejimendi maitiro. Saizvozvowo, kune imwechete-mushandisi OS, iyo inogumira kuuraya kune zvirongwa zvemumwe mushandisi, uye vakawanda-vashandisi vanobvumidza iyo panguva imwe chete kuitiswa kwezvirongwa zvevashandisi vakasiyana.
- Zvinoenderana neyako manejimendi manejimendi. Iko kune epakati OSs, ayo ano ganhurira nzvimbo yavo yesimba kune imwechete komputa kana system; uye mamwe akagoverwa, izvo zvinobvumidza kubata zvikwata zvakawanda panguva imwe chete.
Mienzaniso yeKushandisa Maitiro
MS Windows. Pasina kupokana inonyanya kufarirwa yeiyo OS, kunyangwe iri seti ye migove (inzvimbo yekushandira) yakavakirwa kupa masisitimu Anoshanda ekare (senge MS-DOS) ine rutsigiro graphical interface uye seti yemidziyo yesoftware. Shanduro yayo yekutanga yakabuda muna 1985 Uye kubvira ipapo haina kumira kumisikidza mushanduro dzine simba uye dzakasiyana, seMicrosoft, amai vayo kambani, inokunda mumusika wedhijitari matekinoroji.
GNU / Linux. Izwi iri rinoreva kushandiswa kwakabatana kwe tsanga mahara kubva kumhuri yeUnix inonzi "Linux", pamwe nekuparadzirwa kweGNU, zvakare yemahara. Mhedzisiro yacho ndeimwe yeakanyanya protagonists mukugadzira yemahara software, iyo sosi kodhi inogona kushandiswa zvakasununguka, kushandurwa uye kugoverwa patsva.
UNIX. Iyi inotakurika, yakawanda-tasking, yakawanda-mushandisi yekushandisa system yakagadziriswa kutanga kwa1969, uye nekufamba kwemakore kodzero dzayo ku copyright vakapfuura kubva pane imwe kambani vachienda pane imwe. Muchokwadi iri mhuri yeiyo OS yakafanana, mazhinji ayo ave ekutengesa uye mamwe emahara fomati, ese anobva kuLinux kernel.
Fedora. Icho chiri chakangowanza-chinangwa Linux kugovera, iyo yakabuda mushure mekumiswa kwe Red Hat Linux, iyo yaanenge akabatana nayo asi yakabuda seprojekti yenharaunda. Iri rimwe zita rakakosha kana uchitaura nezvaro yemahara software uye yakavhurwa sosi, mune ayo matatu makuru mavhezheni: Workstation, Cloud uye Server.
Ubuntu. Kubva paGNU / Linux, iyi yemahara uye yakavhurwa sosi Inoshanda Sisitimu inotora zita rayo kubva kufilosofi yeSouth Africa yakanangana nekuvimbika kwemunhu kune mamwe marudzi. Mupfungwa iyi, Ubuntu yakanangana nekureruka uye rusununguko rwekushandisa, kunyangwe Canonical, iyo kambani yeBritish iyo ine kodzero dzayo, inorarama pahwaro hwehunyanzvi mabasa akabatana nechirongwa.
MacOS. Iyo Machintosh inoshanda sisitimu, inozivikanwawo seOXX kana Mac OS X, ine nharaunda yakatenderedzwa neUnix uye yakagadziridzwa uye kutengeswa sechikamu cheApple-brand makomputa kubva 2002. Chikamu chemhuri iyi ye software chakaburitswa neApple seyakavhurika uye yemahara sosi Inoshanda Sisitimu inonzi Darwin, kwavakazowedzera zvinhu zvakaita seAca uye iyo Finder, kuti vawane iwo maratidziro akavakirwa Mac OS X, vhezheni yayo ichangoburwa.
Solaris. Imwe Unix-senge Inoshanda Sisitimu, yakagadzirwa muna 1992 neSun Microsystems uye yashandiswa nhasi kune SPARC system zvivakwa (Scalable processor processor kuvaka) uye x86, zvakajairika pamaseva uye nzvimbo dzekushandira. Iyo yakasimbiswa zviri pamutemo vhezheni yeUnix iyo yakaburitswa vhezheni inonzi OpenSolaris.
Haiku. Vhura sosi yekushandisa sisitimu inotarisa pane zvemunhu zvecomputer uye multimedia, yakafuridzirwa neBeOS (Be Inoshanda Sisitimu), iyo inoenderana nayo. Kukosha kwaro kukuru kuri mukugona kwekugadzira iwo wega mushandisi wemushandisi. Izvozvi iri kuvandudzwa.
BeOS. Yakagadziriswa muna 1990 neB Be Incorporate, iri PC Inoshanda Sisitimu yakanangana nekuwedzera multimedia kuita. Izvo zvakanzi zvaive zvakavakirwa paUnix, nekuda kwekuisirwa kweBash command interface, asi hazvisi: BeOs ine yekutanga modular micro-core, yakanyatsogadziriswa kubata odhiyo, vhidhiyo uye animated mifananidzo. Zvakare, kusiyana neUnix, ndeimwe-mushandisi.
MS-DOS. Acronyms for MicroSoft Disk Inoshanda Sisitimu (MicroSoft Disk Operating System), yaive imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa Operating Systems yeIBM makomputa ega muma1980s kusvika pakati pema1990.Yakashanda zvichibva pane zvakateedzana zvemukati nekunze mirairo, mune monochrome interface yemitsetse. mutsara.
Ronga 9 kubva kuBell Labs. Kana kungoti "Ronga 9", inotora zita rayo kubva kune yakakurumbira Sci-fi bhaisikopo B Ronga 9 kubva kunze kweMuchadenga rakanyorwa naEd Wood. Yakagadziriswa kuti ibudirire Unix seyakagovaniswa Inoshanda Sisitimu, inoshandiswa mukutsvaga, uye inozivikanwa nekumiririra yayo ese maficha sefaira system.
HP-UX. Iyo vhezheni yeUnix yakagadzirwa nekambani inozivikanwa yehunyanzvi Hewlett Packard kubvira 1983, ichitora mukana wayo kugadzikana kwayo, kushanduka, simba uye huwandu hwayo hwezvishandiso, zvakajairika kune zhinji shanduro dzeUnix. Iyo sisitimu yakasimbisa chengetedzo uye dziviriro yedata, pamwe nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo kwakawanda kwemaindasitiri.
Wave OS. Yemahara uye yakavhurwa sosi inoshanda sisitimu yemakomputa emakomputa, chirongwa chakazvimiririra chose chemakambani esoftware, ayo anoshuvira kuve yakajeka, yakapusa uye inokurumidza OS iyo kunyorera uye hunhu hunonzwisisika nevashandisi vashoma vehunyanzvi. Pasina kusungirirwa kumatekinoroji ekare, inoenderana neGNU / Linux uye parizvino iri kuvandudzwa.
Chrome OS. Parizvino muchikamu chepurojekiti, iyo Inoshanda Sisitimu yeGoogle kambani inofungidzirwa, zvichibva pawebhu uye pane yakavhurwa sosi ye Linux kernel, yakatanga kutungamirwa kune mini-notibhuku ine ARM kana x86 tekinoroji tekinoroji. Iyi purogiramu yakaziviswa muna 2009, mushure mekutsvaga google Chrome uye yako yakavhurwa sosi projekiti Chromium OS ivo vacharatidza mhinduro dzakanaka kwazvo dzemusika.
Sabayon Linux. Yakatorwa zita rayo kubva kune chairo chinotapira cheItaly, "zabaione", Kugoverwa kweLinux kunoenderana neGentoo Linux, vhezheni yechinyakare yakagadzirirwa vashandisi vane ruzivo. Inowanikwa yenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzedesktop, yakavhurwa sosi uye yemahara, yakanangana nekugadzirisa kwakazara kwesisitimu zviwanikwa nemushandisi.
Tuquito. Pakutanga kubva kuArgentina, iyi yekuparadzira yeGNU / Linux inoshandisa LiveCD tekinoroji, kunyangwe iine maGigabytes maviri ekushandisa nemapakeji akasiyana anoshandiswa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Iyo yakavakirwa paUbuntu uye Debian GNU / Linux, asi iine yakasimba yemuno vara iyo inotanga nezita rayo, iyo inoreva kune fireflies.
Android. Zvichienderana neLinux kernel, iyi OS yemadhiyari ekugunzva nharembozha (Smartphones, Mahwendefa, nezvimwewo) zvakagadzirwa neApple Inc. uye zvakazotengwa neGoogle. Iyo inozivikanwa kwazvo nhasi zvekuti kutengesa kweApple masystem anodarika IOS (Macintosh) uye Windows Runhare pamwechete.
Debian. Iine Linux kernel neGNU zvishandiso, iyi yemahara OS yakavakwa kubvira 1993 kubva mukubatana kwezviuru zvevashandisi vanobva pasirese pasirese, vakaunganidzwa pasi pemureza we "Debian Project", kure nemhando dzese dzekutengesa. Software uye inoshanda yakazvimiririra. .
Kanaima GNU / Linux. Shanduro yeVenzuelan yeGNU / Linux, ichitsvaga kushandiswa kwesoftware yezvinangwa zvekudzidzisa uye zvemagariro, yemahara uye yakavhurwa sosi, yakaunzwa muna2007 sechikamu chepurojekiti yemuno yekudzidzisa.
BlackBerry OS. Iyo yakavharwa sosi OS yakaiswa paBlackBerry brand brand nhare, inobvumira iyo multitasking (multitasking) uye inotsigira dzakasiyana nzira dzekuisa, yemhando dzakasiyana dzenhare dzekambani. Simba rayo rakafanana neyemazuva-eemail uye maneja wekendendari.
Vanogona kukushandira
- Hardware Mienzaniso
- Software Mienzaniso
- Mienzaniso yeZvipenga Zvishandiso
- Mienzaniso yeZvinobuda Midziyo
- Mienzaniso yePeripherals (uye basa ravo)
