Metal oxides (yakakosha oxides)

Zvemukati

• Nomenclature yesimbi oxides
• Mienzaniso yezvakakosha kana esimbi oxides

Iyo simbi oxides (inozivikanwawo se zvakakosha oxidesvari makemikari anotangira mukubatanidzwa kwesimbi uye oxygen, nehukosha hwekubatanidzwa neiyo link inonzi ionic.

Ivo kazhinji vane hunhu hwekuva hwakasimba uye kuve nepoindi ye fusion yakakwira zvakanyanya (chaizvo izvi ndizvo zvakajairika kwavari, zvakasiyana neiyo asiri esimbi oxides iyo ine yakaderera kwazvo).

Iyo simbi oxides ivo vanowanzo crystalline uye zvirinyore zvine mwero kusungunuka mumvura. Metal oxides yakanaka vatyairi kupisa nemagetsi, ndosaka zvichishandiswa kazhinji nekuda kwezvinangwa izvi.

Mukugadzirwa kwayo, esimbi oxides ari binary mubatanidzwa wesimbi ine oxygen, neyekupedzisira ichiita nenhamba ye oxidation -2.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti utarisise valence yesimbi inopindira mukuita pamwe neoksijeni, kuve nepfungwa yekuti mangani maatomu echinhu icho chinenge chakakodzera kuchinjana atomu yega yega yemweya.

• Onawo: Mienzaniso yeOxydation

Nomenclature yesimbi oxides

MaOxides erudzi urwu ane hunyanzvi maererano nesangano ravo, kubvira Hazvisi nyore kutumidza rimwe nerimwe sezvo zvinhu zvakafanana dzimwe nguva zvine huwandu hwakasiyana hwehuwandu.. Muchiitiko chekuti chinhu chinowirirana neoksijeni chine nhamba imwechete yeiyo oxidation, nzira yechinyakare yekuitumidza inozove 'oxide ye (uye inoenderana chinhu)'.

Kana chinhu chacho chiine manhamba maviri eiyo oxidation, inozotumidzwa zita rekuti oxide (uye chinhu chinoenderana, nekuguma 'bere'Kana nhamba yeiyoidhi yakashandiswa iri shoma, uye'icoKana nhamba yacho iri huru). Chekupedzisira, kana chinhu chacho chiine huwandu hunopfuura maviri eakisijeni (inogona kusvika kumana) huwandu hwevalence hunocherechedzwa uye kupedzisa -ico, -oso, hypo-bear, kana per-ico inowedzerwa nenzira kwayo. Aya ndiwo mazita echinyakare, zvisinei pane dzimwe nzira senge sitoko nhamba kana maatomu.

Mienzaniso yezvakakosha kana esimbi oxides

1. Cuprous oxide (Cu₂KANA). Iyi oxide yemhangura hainyungudike mumvura uye nemanyowa manyoro.
2. Cupric oxide (CuO). Iyo oxide yemhangura ine nhamba yepamusoro yeiyoidhi. Semamineral inozivikanwa se tenorite.
3. Cobaltous oxide(CoO). Iyo inorganic monoxide ine muorivhi mutema kana mutsvuku kutaridzika mune yayo yemakristomu fomu.
4. Auric oxide (Au₂KANA₃). Iyo yakanyanya kugadzikana oxide yegoridhe. Ine ruvara rwakatsvuka kuti piriviri, uye harusviki mumvura.
5. Titanium oxide (Sekuru₂₎. Iyo inowanzo kuwanikwa mune mamwe maminera, mune yakatenderera chimiro. Iyo isingadhuri, yakachengeteka, uye yakawanda.
6. Zinc oxide (Z_nKANA). Iyo machena macomputer, inozivikanwawo seye chena zinc komputa. Iyo inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura asi yakanyungudika muasidhi.
7. Nickel oxide (Kunyange₂KANA₃). Icho chinoumba nickel (ine 77% nickel mukuumbwa kwayo). Iyo inozivikanwawo seye nhema nickel oxide.
8. Sirivha oxide (Ag₂KANA). Mukomboni uyu hupfu hutema kana hutete hwakatsetseka unoshandiswa kugadzira mamwe makomputa esirivheri.
9. Mercuric oxide (HgO). Mercury (II) oxide zvakare ikomboni ine orenji kana ruvara rutsvuku, inoitika mune yakasimba mamiriro kutembiricha yemukati.
10. Chromic oxide (CrO). Icho chisina kujairika chromium uye oksijeni mukomboni.
11. Barium oxide (Danda).
12. Chromic oxide (Cr₂KANA₃). Icho chinhu chisina kujairika chinoshandiswa se pigment, chromium green.
13. Ngura (PbO). Neruvara rweorenji inowanzo shandiswa mumakeramiki uye muindasitiri yemakemikari.
14. Permanganic oxide.
15. Ferrous oxide (Kushata)
16. Ferric oxide (Kutenda₂KANA₃)
17. Calcium oxide (CaO)
18. Lithium oxide (Li₂KANA). 
19. Stannous oxide (SnO).
20. Stannic oxide (SnO2).

Ivo vanogona kukushandira iwe:

• Mienzaniso yeOxides
• Mienzaniso ye Basic oxides
• Mienzaniso yeAcid oxides
  
• Mienzaniso yeNo-Metallic oxides