Basic oxides

Zvemukati

• Nomenclature yezvakakosha oxides
• Mienzaniso yeakakosha oxides

Iyo zvakakosha oxides, inozivikanwawo se simbi oxides, ndeaya anosanganisa oxygen nechinhu chesimbi. Sezvo okisijeni yakanyanya kusarudzika uye simbi iri electropositive, chisungo chinosimbiswa chiri ionic.

Iyo elemental fomula iyo inomiririra ese akakosha oxides iXO, uko X ndiyo metallic element uye O iyo oxygen. Chimwe nechimwe cheizvi chinogona kuteverwa nezvinyorwa (kazhinji 2 kana 3), zvinoonekwa nekuchinjana valence (ndiko kuti, iyo yesimbi neiyo yemweya).

Nomenclature yezvakakosha oxides

Chinyakare mazita: Basic oxides anotumidzwa nekutanga kutaura izwi rekuti "oxide ye" uyezve zita rechinhu chesimbi, kana "oxide" ichiteverwa nechipikisheni iro izita rechinhu chesimbi chine mabudiro akasiyana, sezvakatsanangurwa pazasi:

1. Musimbi dzinongova nemhando imwe chete yevalence (se sodium kana calcium), chikamu chesimbi chakavakwa sezwi esdrújula rine "ico" rinopera.
2. Mune simbi iripo mhando mbiri dzevalence (kunge mhangura kana mercury), kana iyo oxide ichisanganisira iyo yakaderera valence, zita resimbi rinowedzerwa nechisimboti "bere" uye ishoko rakakomba. Kana ichisanganisira iyo yepamusoro valence, zita resimbi rinowedzerwa nechisimboti "ico" uye iri izwi esdrújula.
3. Kana iripo matatu anogona kuitika (senge chromium), kana iyo oxide ichisanganisira iyo yakaderera valence, zita resimbi rinowedzerwa nechisimboti "hiccup" uye chinomiririra "bere", uye ishoko rakakomba. Kana ichisanganisira iyo yepakati valence, simbi inonzi nemagumo "bheya" uye ichiri izwi rekumakuva, asi kana ichisanganisira valence yepamusoro, kupera ndeye "ico" uye ishoko re sdrújula.
4. Simbi yacho inayo ina dzinogona kuitika valence (senge manganese), hurongwa hwacho hwakaenzana neiyo yekutanga yevatatu vekutanga, asi kana simbi ikabatanidzwa muiyo oxide neyechina uye yepamusoro valence, zita resimbi rinowedzerwa nechisimboti "per" uye chinomiririra "ico", uye iri izwi esdrújula.

Zita remazita eStock: Pasi pezita rezita iri, oxides yakanyorwa uye inonzi "oxide ye" + metallic element + chiRoma nhamba muzvikomberedzo, izvo zvinoratidza valence iyo chinhu chesimbi chiri kusangana neoksijeni.

Yakarongeka mazita: Parizvino inosarudzwa ne IUPAC(International Union yePure uye Yakashandiswa Chemistry), pfungwa yekuvatumidza kuti "oxides ye" inochengetedzwa, asi uchidaro chaizvo nekuwedzera chiyero chechiGiriki chinoenderana nenhamba yemaatomu eoksijeni (kuzwi rekuti "oxide") uye huwandu hweatomu dzesimbi (kune zita resimbi) iro rinenge riine Morekuru, richishandisa chivakashure "cha" sebhiriji.

Basic oxides inoshandisa zvisingaverengeki mumishonga, pendi, zvekuvakisa, mapurasitiki, uye mamwe maindasitiri.

Mienzaniso yeakakosha oxides

Mamwe marudzi e oxides:

• Simbi oxides
• Asina-Metallic oxides
• Acid oxides