Munyori:
Laura McKinney
Zuva Rekusika:
8 Kubvumbi 2021
Gadziridza Zuva:
1 Chikunguru 2024
Zvemukati
Iyohydrides Iwo makemikari macomputer anosanganisa maatomu ehydrogen mumamorekuru avo (ane oxidation nyika, kazhinji, -1) nemaatomu echinhu chero chipi zvacho mutafura ye periodic.
Zvikamu zvitatu zvehydrides zvinozivikanwa:
- Metallic esimbi: Ndeavo akaumbwa nealkaline uye alkaline-epasi zvinhu, ndiko kuti, neizvo zviri kumberi kuruboshwe kwetafura ye periodic yezvinhu. Iwo asiri-asina kugadzikana makomponi anoratidza kuitisa. Hydrogen inowanikwa mavari sehydride ion H¯. Mukati meboka iri zvinokwanisika kusiyanisa mahydridi anoumba simbi dzakanyanya kusarudzwa (kubva mumapoka 1 ne2); aya mahydridi anowanzonzi saline hydrides. Saline hydrides anowanzo chena kana grey solids ayo anowanikwa nekunanga kuita kwesimbi nehydrogen pakakwirira tembiricha.
- Volatile kana asiri esimbi hydrides:ndeavo akaumbwa aine asiri esimbi zvinhu asi mashoma magetsi, kunyanya, ane nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, boron, kabhoni nesilicon: ese aya anogamuchira mazita chaiwo, kupfuura zita remazita; iwo ese masimbi esimbi kana simbi kubva p block. Ivo vanogona zvakare kunzi mamorekuru kana covalent hydrides, nekuti vane covalent zvisungo. Ivo vanoumba zvicherwa zvezvakanyanya kunyatsoitika maficha. Silane, hydride iri muboka, iri kuwedzera kufarira kukosha kwayo mukugadzira nanoparticles.
- Hydrogen hydrides:(inonziwo hydracids) inoenderana nemubatanidzwa wehydrogen ine halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine kana iodine) kana iine antigenic element (oxygen, sarufa, selenium, tellurium); mune yekupedzisira chete ndipo panogona kuita hydrogen ine nhamba yakanaka yeakisijeni (+ 1) uye chimwe chinhu ndicho chinoshanda nenhamba isina kukoshesesa (-1 mu halojeni, -2 mu amphogens).
Mienzaniso yemahydridi
- Sodium hydride (NaH)
- Phosphine (PH3)
- Barium hydride (BaH2)
- Bismutin (Bi2S3)
- Permanganic hydride (MnH7)
- Amoniya (NH3)
- Arsine (ASH3)
- Stibinite kana antimonite
- Hydrobromic asidhi (HBr)
- Borano (BH3)
- Methane (CH4)
- Silane (SiH₄)
- Hydrofluoric acid (HF)
- Hydrochloric asidhi (HCl)
- Ferrous hydride (FeH3)
- Hydroiodic acid (HI)
- Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)
- Selenhydric asidhi (H2Se)
- Tellurhydric acid (H2Te)
- Lithium hydride (LiH)
Zvishandiso zvehydrides
Pakati pekushandisa kwema hydrides tinogona kutaura iwo e desiccants uye zvinoderedza, mamwe anoshandiswa se yakachena hydrogen manyuko.
Calcium hydride inonyanya kubatsira se Organic solvent kuomesa mumiriri. Sodium hydride inoda kutarisirwa kukuru mukubata, sezvo ichiita zvine mutsindo nemvura uye inogona kuvesa.
Kana moto ukaitika nekuda kwekudziya kweiyi hydride, usashandise mvura kuudzima, nekuti yaizoburitsa mamwe marimi. Iyi moto inoiswa nayo upfu zvinodzimisa moto.
