Zvemukati
Zvese muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye mune yesainzi munda, pane zvakajairika misanganiswa inosanganisira yakasimba chinhu uye imwe mvura, kazhinji kekutanga kuita sechinhu chinofanira kuputswa uye chechipiri senzvimbo yekunyungudika. Kugoverwa uku kunongoenzana, uye chinhu chikuru chinowana zita rekuti solvent nepo vashoma zita rekuti solute.
Pane dzimwe nguva kujoina kwacho kuri nyore, nepo kune vamwe kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvakagadzirwa nechinangwa ichi kunodiwa. Mune chikafu, cosmetic, mishonga uye kemikari indasitiri, musanganisi anowanzo shandiswa, ayo anodzokorodza iyo yakasimba kuburikidza netangi, kuiswa manyore kana otomatiki mune hopper. Izvi zvakajairika pamisanganiswa iyo ingave yakaoma kwazvo kugadzirira nemaoko.
Semamwe marudzi emisanganiswa, iyo mhinduro dzemvura yakasimba mune zvinwiwa Zvinogona kuratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana zvinoenderana nehunhu hwezvinhu izvi:
- Mhinduro: Iwo anozova mhinduro kana kuumbwa kuchinge kwagadzirwa nekuparadzaniswa kweiyo yakasimba kusvika kune mamorekuru kana ionic chiyero. Zvakajairika kune izvo zvakaomarara izvo zviri chikamu chemhinduro kuti zviitwe zvakanaka mune mamwe manyoro uye zvakashata mune mamwe.
- Kumiswa: Kusimudzirwa kusingasvike pamamiriro ekunyonganiswa kunodaidzwa kunzi kumiswa nekuti zvidimbu zvakagomarara zvinogona kuoneka neziso rakashama kana nemaikorosikopu: izvi zvinopa mukomboni chimiro chegore.
- Colloids: Colloids ndiwo mabatanidzwa ayo ane ma particles, kunyangwe achigona kungoonekwa pasi peelectron maikorosikopu, pamwe chete zvinoumba chimiro chakajeka chinoreva kuvepo kwesimba rakabatana nemvura.
- Gels: Chekupedzisira, magels akasimba-emvura kusanganisa ayo anoita yepakati nyika, zvisirizvo zvisingaenderane nehunhu hwerimwe boka. Mazhinji eaya anoonekwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, senge chizi, gelatin kana mamwe inki.
Iyo misanganiswa pakati pezvisimba nezvinwiwa, semamwe makirasi, vanewo nzira dzakasiyana dzekuparadzaniswa: sainzi yanga ichibatanidzwa zvakanyanya mukutsvaga ichi chinangwa, sezvo ichive chakakosha pazvinangwa zvakawanda zvainazvo. Maitiro anoitwa nechikamu ichi ndeaya:
- Centrifugation: Iyo nzira imwechete yekubvisa mvura mumachina ekuwachira kana kusuka machira.
- Kuchenesa: Kubviswa zvachose kweye solvent, pachishandiswa a vaporization inokurumidza, maitiro anoshandiswa kuwana munyu wakajairika.
- Chromatography: Dhonza zvinhu nekuita kwemvura iri kubuda, iyo kusefa (ndima yekomboni kuburikidza nebepa rakakosha rinosefa rakasimba).
- KutetepaMaitiro ekusiya musanganiswa pazororo, hunhu hwemhinduro mune iyo yakasimba iyo yakaturikwa mumvura.
Onawo: Mienzaniso yeS Solutions
Mienzaniso yeMisanganiswa yezvisimba uye zvinwiwa
| Syrups |
| Cement (musanganiswa wemvura nejecha) |
| Petroleum |
| Midzi yehupfu |
| Madhaka (chaiwo musanganiswa wegore rine hunhu) |
| Cheese |
| Ropa (colloidal musanganiswa) |
| Muto |
| Yogati (kazhinji mune colloid-senge mamiriro) |
| Inki nedoro |
| Sanganisa mupfu wekuwachisa nemvura |
| Zai jena (kuturika) |
| Mushonga weSaline (mvura uye munyu) |
| Sefa kofi |
| Dairy mafomula (protein nemvura) |
Mimwe mienzaniso yemisanganiswa?
- Mienzaniso yeMasanganiswa
- Mienzaniso yeGesi Misanganiswa neGasi
- Mienzaniso yeGesi Musanganiswa neLiquids
- Mienzaniso yeGesi Misanganiswa ine Solids
