Zvemukati
Iyo chromatography inzira ye kupatsanurwa kwemasanganiswa zvivakwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumatavi akasiyana eiyo sainzi. Inoshandisa seti yetekinoroji inoenderana nesarudzo yekusarudzika kuchengetedza ku paradzanisa zvikamu zvemusanganiswa mune yakakwira mamiriro ekuchena, kana kuvaziva mumusanganiswa uye kuona chiyero chavo chaicho.
Nenzira iyoyo, iyo chromatography inosanganisira kuburitsa imwe musanganiswa kune imwe tsigiro (gasi, bepa, a mvura kwazvakarerekera, nezvimwewo) kuitira kuti utore mukana wekusiyana kwekushambadzira kwekumhanya kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe chemusanganiswa, uchivaonesa kubva pamarangi erudzi iyo musanganiswa unoburitsa nekufamba kwenguva.
Adsorption (izvo hazvipinze) ndiyo coefficient of adhesion yemusanganiswa pamusoro pechitsigiro, uye zvinoenderana nemusiyano mukuita kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvemusanganiswa, izvi zvinogona kunyatsopatsanurwa kana yavo muzana muzana inogona kuyerwa mune chero mamiriro.
Iyi nzira yekuparadzanisa inoitika muzvikamu zviviri:
- Kunofambira mberi chikamu. Iko kusanganiswa kunoiswa kune yakatsigirwa rutsigiro uye yakagadzirirwa kuyerwa.
- Chikamu chefoni. Chimwe chinhu chinofambiswa parutsigiro, kubvumidza kuita kwayo nezvikamu zvemusanganiswa uye kuti mutsauko weiyo reaction rate unovaparadzanisa.
Nenzira iyi, vamwe zvinhu vanozo tenderera kufamba uye vamwe kuti vagare, zvinoenderana nehunhu hwavo. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa aesthetic uye nhanho nhanho dzakasiyana mamiriro: mvura, yakasimba uye ine gasi.
Onawo: Mienzaniso yeMasanganiswa
Chromatography mienzaniso
- Kudururira waini pajira jena retafura. Sezvo waini painowoma mukubatana nemhepo, zvinhu zvakasiyana zvinozvigadzira zvichachenesa jena rejira jira rakasiyana, nekudaro achivabvumidza kuti vazivikanwe pazvinenge zvisingawanzoitika.
- Mukuongororwa kweropa. Chromatography yesampuli yeropa inowanzoitwa kuitira kuti ugone paradzanisa uye uone zvinhu zvirimo, kazhinji isingabatike, zvichibva paruvara rwavanoratidzira pane rutsigiro kana kuiswa kune imwe mwenje. Yakadaro nyaya yemushonga kana chinhu chakasarudzika, senge doro.
- Mukuyedza weti. Weti, yakatodarika ropa, musanganiswa wemakemikari akasiyana, kuvepo kana kusavapo kweizvozvo kunoratidza mashandiro anoita muviri. Nekudaro, kupatsanurwa kwechromatographic kunogona kuitwa. kutsvaga zvisaririra zvisina kujairika, seropa, munyu, glucose kana zvinodhaka.
- Kuongorora mhosva. Semumafirimu: machira, shinda, machira kana zvimwe zvinotsigirwa zvinotorwa kucherechedza kunamatira kupatsanurwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana, senge urume kana ropa, idzo pakuona kwekutanga dzinogona kusazikanwa.
- Chikafu hutano cheki. Sezvo zvinoitika zvekudya kana zvaiswa chromatographic spectrum zvinozivikanwa, Inogona kuonekwa kana paine imwe mhando yechinhu chisina kukodzera kana chigadzirwa chemashiripiti vamiririri mavari kubva kune diki sampuro.
- Kuongorora kwehuwandu hwehutachiona. Kunyangwe kuri mumhepo kana mumvura, maitiro ezvinyungudika uye zvisingaonekwe zvinhu anogona kuyerwa kubva padiki sampuro, uchishandisa rutsigiro rwakananga runobvumidza kusiyanisa pakati pemakomponi, kuita kuti mvura iome, semuenzaniso.
- Complex microbiology bvunzo. Iyi nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kurwisa zvirwere zvakaita seEbola, semuenzaniso, nekuti mune iyi kesi inobvumidza musiyano uripo pakati pemasoja ekudzivirira muviri anonyanya kushanda pamberi pechirwere chinouraya.
- Petrochemical kunyorera. Chromatography inobatsira mukuparadzanisa hydrocarbon epetroleum uye shanduko yayo kuita akasiyana akacheneswa zvinhu, izvo zvine zvakanyanya kusanzwisisika uye zvinoonekwa zvivakwa uye kunamatira.
- Kuongorora moto. Kuti uone kana vakatsamwiswa kana kwete, chromatography yemasara yakasara inowanzo shandiswa kusarudza ratidza kuvepo kwezvinhu zvisingatarisirwi zvine reactivity zvakasiyana nezvimwe, sechokwadi zvisaririra.
- Kupatsanura inki. Sezvo inks inoumbwa nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana mune imwe mvura yakasviba, zvinokwanisika paradzanisa aya mavara ne chromatography uye simbisa mutsauko uripo pakati peumwe neumwe. Icho chiri, kutaura zvazviri, chakajairwa kuyedza kana zvasvika pakutsanangura iyi nzira, uchishandisa makara mavara.
- Kuona radioactivity. Sezvo ma radioactive zvinhu zvine zviitiko zvakasiyana uye nemisi yekubuda pane zvakajairwa nyaya, ivo vanogona kazhinji kuzivikanwa vachishandisa nzira iyi murabhoritari. kufumura chinhu kuzvinhu zvinoratidza shanduko mukuita kwero.
- Kuti uone kuchena kwechinhu. Kwakachena kuchena zvinhu zvinowanzodiwa muindasitiri, kunyanya magasi (ane kusagadzikana kunoita kuti izvi zviome) uye nzira yekuongorora izvi iyo chromatographic yekuonekwa kwemasara ezvimwe zvinhu, Kubva mukushandiswa kwechimiro chemvura chakamira.
- Waini kudzidza. Mukutsvaga kwemonovarietal waini, chromatography inowanzo shandiswa kuziva kana yakavhenganiswa nemamwe maronda, nekuti izvi zvinounza akasiyana maitiro anoonekwa pamberi peyakasiyana static svikiro.
- Kudzora kwemaindasitiri distillation yemweya. Ne gesi chromatography, izvo zvakakosha zvemhando yezvinhu zviripo mune doro zvinogona kuzivikanwa uye kuwanda (ethanol, methanol, acetaldehyde, acetal, nezvimwewo), nokudaro zvichibvumira manejimendi kutarisirwa kwemakomputa akati.
- Maorivhi emhando yemhando yezvidzidzo. Chromatography yakakosha mukuwongorora uye kusarudzika kwemafuta emuorivhi, sezvo ichipa kudzidza kwehuwandu hwemafuta, acidity uye peroxide kukosha iripo mumusanganiswa.
Dzimwe nzira dzekuparadzanisa masanganiswa
- Mienzaniso yeCrystallization
- Mienzaniso yeDistillation
- Mienzaniso yeCentrifugation
- Mienzaniso yekudzora
- Mienzaniso yekufungidzira
