Mienzaniso yeZvitendero

Vhidhiyo: Zvitendero by Brown Diamond featuring Whisper T

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Mhando dzezvitendero
Mienzaniso yezvitendero

A chitendero iri seti yetsika, hunhu nehunhu hunhu nemaitiro anoumba kutarisisa kwenyika uye anobatanidza vanhu nepfungwa yezvinoyerauye haina nguvaMune mamwe mazwi, ivo vanounza pfungwa yekudarika kune chiitiko chehupenyu.

Zvitendero zvakaita chikamu chakakosha mumatanho ekutanga ebudiriro, kubvira kodhi yetsika nehunhu uye kunyangwe nemitemo inowanzobuda kubva kwavari, kuburikidza nayo iyo yemararamiro uye yakasarudzika pfungwa yebasa kana chinangwa chehupenyu kuvakwa.

Inofungidzirwa kuti kune vakatenderedza 4000 zvitendero zvakasiyana munyika, imwe neimwe iine tsika dzayo dzekudyidzana, nzvimbo dzayo dzinoyera, zviratidzo zvekutenda uye ngano dzayo uye kubata kwayo kweanamwari, anoera uye aMwari wawo (kana Mwari wayo). Vazhinji vanozviti kutenda seimwe yeakakwirira tsika dzevanhu, sezvo vachiomerera pachisiko (zvinotendwa pasina mubvunzo) uye inosiyanisa vateveri vefilosofi yayo chaiyo kubva kune vezvimwe zvitendero kana, zvakare, kubva kune vasingatendi kuti kuna Mwari kana agnostics.

Iyi pfungwa inowanzo kumutsa musanganiswa wetariro, kuzvipira, rudo uye humwe hunhu hunofungidzirwa kuti hwakakwidziridzwa pamweya kana kujekesa, asi Yakashandawo senzira yekutsigira hondo dzinodeura ropa, kutambudzwa, rusarura uye kunyange hurumende, sezvakangoitawo ubati ushe hweKaturike mukati meEuropean yomuzana ramakore ne “Bvunzurudzo Tsvene” yayo.

Parizvino zvinonzi kwakatenderedza 59% yevagari vepasi rese vanotaura chimwe chitenderoKunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vachinamata zvitendero zvakawandisa kana maitiro akasiyana ezvitendero nemitambo panguva imwe chete, zvisinei netsika yetsika yavanoteera uye kana chitendero chavo chichibvumidza kana kwete. Iyi ndeimwe yemhando dzekufona tsika syncretism.

Onawo: Mienzaniso yeTsika neTsika

Mhando dzezvitendero

Mhando nhatu dzedzidziso dzezvitendero dzinowanzo kusiyaniswa, zvinoenderana nekwavo kubata kwaMwari nehuMwari, zvinoti:

Vanonamata. Iri ndiro zita rakapihwa kuzvitendero izvo zvinonongedzera kuvapo kwaMwari akasarudzika, Musiki wezvinhu zvese, uye vanochengetedza yavo yetsika nehunhu kodhi seyepasirese uye wechokwadi. Muenzaniso wakanaka weichi chiIslam.
Vazhinji. Panzvimbo paMwari mumwe chete, zvitendero izvi zvinogadzira mwero wevanamwari vavanoti kutonga kweakasiyana maitiro ehupenyu hwevanhu uye zvese zvakasikwa. Muenzaniso weichi chaive chinamato chevaGiriki vekare vechiHellenic, vari mumabhuku avo akapfuma.
Pantheists. Muchiitiko ichi, zvitendero zvinotsigira kuti zvese musiki uye zvisikwa, zvese zvepanyika nezvese zvemweya, zvine chinhu chimwe chete uye zvinopindura kune imwechete kana yepasirese chinhu. Muenzaniso wavo chiTao.
Vasiri-theists. Chekupedzisira, zvinamato izvi hazvimiriri kuvapo kwevagadziri uye zvisikwa zvakadaro, asi zvemitemo yepasirese inotonga mweya wemunhu nekuvapo. Buddhism muenzaniso wakanaka weizvi.

Inogona kukushandira: Mienzaniso yeSocial Phenomena

ChiBhudha. Pakutanga kubva kuIndia, chinamato ichi chisiri chechitendero chinowanzo kupa dzidziso dzacho kuna Gautama Buddha (Sidarta Gautama kana Sakyamuni), muchenjeri uyo dzidziso yake yaishuvira kuenzanirana pakati pekuzvinyima nekushaiwa, uye kugutsa nyama. Chitendero chakapararira munzvimbo zhinji dzeAsia, ndosaka nhasi chiri chitendero chechina pakukura pasirese, chiine vateveri mazana mashanu emamiriyoni munzira mbiri dzakasiyana: Theravada neMahayana. Iine nhamba huru yezvikoro uye dudziro, pamwe netsika nemitambo yekuvhenekera, sezvo isina Mwari anoraira mutongo kune vakatendeka vake.
Katurike. Chikamu chikuru chechiKristu muWest, chakarongeka zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kutenderedza Chechi yeKaturike iri muVatican uye inomiririrwa naPapa. Anofanana nevaKristu vese kutenda munaJesu Kristu saMesiya uye mwanakomana waMwari, uye vakamirira kuuya kwake kwechipiri, izvo zvinoreva kutonga kwekupedzisira uye kutungamirwa kwevakatendeka kuruponeso rusingaperi. Chinyorwa chayo chitsvene iBhaibheri (zvese zvitsva uye zvekare testamende). Chikamu chimwe muzvitanhatu chevagari vepasi rose chiKatorike uyezve vanopfuura hafu yevaKristu venyika (vanopfuura mabhiriyoni 1,2 vakatendeka).
Anglicanism. Anglicanism izita redzidziso dzechiKristu muEngland, Wales neIreland mushure mekuvandudzwa kwakatambudzwa nechiKatorike muzana ramakore regumi nematanhatu (rinozivikanwa seRudzidziso rwePurotesitendi). Makereke eAnglican anoisa kutenda kwavo muBhaibheri, asi vachiramba ramangwana rekereke yeRoma, saka vanoungana vakakomberedza Archbishop weCanterbury. Ivo vanozivikanwa muhuwandu hwavo seAnglican Komuniyoni, pamberi pevane mamirioni makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere vakatendeka kutenderera pasirese.
Lutheranism. Ichizivikanwa sesangano rePurotesitendi, isekete inonamatira kudzidziso dzaMartin Luther (1438-1546) padzidziso yechiKristu, inozivikanwa sePurotesitendi Shanduko, kubva kwavari vaive boka rekutanga kubuda. Kunyangwe hazvo pasina chechi yeLutheran, asi boka remachechi evhangeri, zvinofungidzirwa kuti huwandu hwayo hwevateveri hunosvika mamirioni makumi manomwe nemana vakatendeka uye, seAnglican, inobvuma kutenda kwaJesu Kristu asi ichiramba hupapa uye kudikanwa kwe hupirisita, nekuti vese vakatendeka vanogona kuita saizvozvo.
ChiIslram. Imwe yematatu makuru echitendero chimwechete, pamwe nechiKristu nechiJudha, chine chinyorwa chinoyera chinonzi Koran naMuhammad muporofita wacho. Ndichiri kucherechedza mamwe magwaro senge Torah uye Evhangeri sedzvene, Islam inotongwa nedzidziso (iyo Sunna) wemuporofita wake, maererano nemaviri mafungu ekududzira anonzi Shiite neSunni. Inofungidzirwa kuti kune mazana gumi nemazana emazana emamiriyoni eMuslim munyika yepasirose kana zvishoma zvine mutsindo mukubatana kwavo nemisimboti yechitendero, izvo zvinoita kuti ive chitendero chechipiri chine vakatendeka kwazvo pasirese.
ChiJudaism. Iri izita rakapihwa chinamato chevanhu vechiJuda, mukuru pane vatatu vakuru vanonamata Mwari mumwe, kunyangwe ari iye ane vashoma vakatendeka vanozviti (vangangoita mamirioni gumi nemana). Chinyorwa chayo chepasi ndiTorah, kunyangwe pasina muviri wakazara wemitemo yechitendero ichi, asi chiri chikamu cheinonzi Testamente Yekare yevaKristu. Nekudaro, chinamato chechiJuda chinobatanidza kuvimbika kwavo sekutenda, tsika yetsika, uye nyika, zvichinyatsovasiyanisa nevamwe.
ChiHindu. Chitendero ichi chinonyanya kuve cheIndia neNepal, uye ndicho chitendero chechitatu chine vakatendeka zvakanyanya pasi rose: vangangosvika bhiriyoni. Icho chaicho seti yedzidziso dzakasiyana, dzakarongedzwa pasi pezita rimwe chete, isina muvambi mumwe kana chero rudzi rwepakati sangano, asi tsika yetsika nemagariro inonzi iyo dharma. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei chiHindu, senge chiJuda, chinomiririra kwete kungotenda chete asi hunhu hwakazara, mune hunyengeri, kunamatwa kwevanhu vazhinji uye kunyangwe agnosticism iine nzvimbo, nekuti zvakare haina dzidziso imwechete.
ChiTao. Chinopfuura chitenderowo zvacho, inzira yeuzivi iyo inoteedzera dzidziso dzemuzivi weChinese Lao Tse, yakaunganidzwa mubhuku raTao Te King. Ivo vanonongedzera kunongedzo yepasi rinotongwa nemasimba matatu: iyo yin (passive simba), iyo yang (simba rinoshanda) uye iyo CAT (kuyananisa simba repamusoro rine izvo), uye murume iyeye anofanira kushuvira kuwirirana mukati. Mupfungwa iyoyo, chiTaoism hachirevi kodhi kana dzidziso iyo vakatendeka vanofanira kutevedzera, asi nhevedzano yemitemo yekutonga yefilosofi.
ChiShinto. Ichi chinamato chevamwari vazhinji chinowanikwa muJapan uye chinhu chayo chinonamatwa ndicho kami kana mweya yemasikirwo. Pakati pemaitiro ayo mweya wevanamwari, kunamatwa kwemadzitateguru, uye ine zvinyorwa zvishoma zvinoyera zvekwakabva, senge Shoku Nihongi kana iyo Kojiki, yekupedzisira iri chinyorwa cheyakaitika. Iyo hainawo vanamwari vekare kana vakasarudzika, kana nzira dzakasimbiswa dzekunamata, uye yaive chitendero chehurumende kusvika 1945.
Santeria (Mutemo waOshá-Ifá). Ichi chinamato chibereko che syncretism pakati peEuropean Katurike uye chitendero cheYoruba cheAfrica mavambo, uye zvakaitika mukati mehurongwa hwekoloni yeAmerica umo tsika mbiri idzi dzakashatisana. Icho chinamato chakakurumbira muLatin America, kuCanary Islands uye nekuvapo muEurope neNorth America, kunyangwe hazvo ichibatanidzwa netsika dzevanhu veNigerian vakapararira sevaranda neruoko rweEurope runokunda. Yakave yakazvidzwa nemifungo yeEurocentric, iyo yakaona mune yayo polytheism uye yayo tsika tsika, iyo inowanzo sanganisira kutamba, doro uye zvipiriso zvemhuka, kumberi kwemitemo yehegemonic yechiKristu.