Nhoroondo Dzemadzinza

Zvemukati

• Tsananguro yakasarudzika uye chiyero chepamutemo
• Genocidal nyika
• Mienzaniso yekuparadza rudzi
• Hunhu hwemhirizhonga

Ine zita rekuti kuuraya rudzi Izvo zvinozivikanwa nezviito zvinoreva kurongeka kwekuparadzwa kweboka renzanga, iro rinoitika richikurudzirwa nemubvunzo werudzi, zvematongerwo enyika, chinamato kana chero boka revamwe.

Kuuraya vanhu mhosva dzepasirese dzakarongerwa semhosva dzinopesana nevanhu, uye kamwe apo kuurayiwa kwevanhu kwakakosha kwezana ramakore rechi20 (Holocaust yeNazi) kwakapera, kwakagadziriswa neConferensi yeKudzivirira uye Kurangwa kweCrime of Genocide, muna 1948.

Tsananguro yakasarudzika uye chiyero chepamutemo

Pakati pezvipo zveConferensi iyi kwaive kumisikidzwa kwepamutemo kwechiyero chepfungwa yekuuraya rudzi: kuurayiwa kwenhengo dzeboka riri kutaurwa kunosvika patemu asi zvakare kukuvara kwakanyanya kukuvimbika kwavo kwepanyama kana kwepfungwa, pamwe nekutumirwa mitemo kana mirau yavanonongedzera kukuparadzwa kwavo kwakazara kana kusarudzika.

Iyo nguva iyo mhosva inorondedzerwa sekuparadza rudzi, avo vane mutoro vanogona kutongwa munzvimbo yavo inokwanisa asiwo mumatare edzimhosva, kana maererano neInternational Criminal Court. Sezvo iri mhosva inopesana nevanhu, zvinotenderwa mumutemo kuti imhosva isinga tsanangure.

Genocidal nyika

Munhoroondo yese, uye kunyanya muzana ramakumi maviri (iyo inonzi 'zana rekuparadza rudzi' nekuda kwenhamba hombe yaivapo) zvaiwanzoitika kuti zviitwa izvi zviitwe nenyika dzacho.

Yakava yakawanda iyo iyo chaiyo yezvematongerwo enyika manejimendi ine chinangwa chekuparadza chikamu chevagari vayo, iyo inotsanangura imwe yemakiyi ekuuraya rudzi: nekuda kwehuremu hwekukuvadza kwainoita, zvakafanira kuti ive neyakaumbwa kumashure iyo ichave, seyakaganhurirwa yakavimbiswa uye seyakawandisa, inotsigirwa uye inotsigirwa neHurumende pachayo.

Nekudaro kukosha kwekuti kuurawa kwevanhu kuve nekupindira kwemauto ekutonga kunze kweHurumende pachawo, nekuti vanogona kunge vari pabasa rekuuraya vanhu.

Rondedzero yekuparadza rudzi munhoroondo yevanhu ichange yakanyorwa pazasi, zvinoenderana nedudziro chaiyo yeshoko.

Mienzaniso yekuparadza rudzi

1. Armenian Genocide: Kumanikidzwa kudzingwa uye kuparadzwa kwevanhu vanosvika mamirioni maviri, nehurumende yeTurkey muOttoman Humambo pakati pa1915 na1923.
2. Kuurayiwa kwevanhu muUkraine: Nzara inokonzerwa nehutongi hwaStalin hwakaitika munharaunda yeUkraine pakati pa1932 na1933.
3. Nazi Holocaust: Kuyera kunozivikanwa se'kupedzisira mhinduro ', kuyedza kutsakatisa zvachose huwandu hwevaJudha veEurope vakatora hupenyu hwemamirioni matanhatu pakati pa1933 na1945.
4. Rwanda Genocide: Kuuraya kwakaitwa nerudzi rwechiHutu kurwisa vaTutsi, kuuraya vangangoita miriyoni imwe.
5. Cambodia Genocide: Kuurayiwa kwevanhu vanosvika mamirioni maviri pakati pa1975 na1979 nehutongi hwechiKomonisiti.

Hunhu hwemhirizhonga

Vazhinji vafundisi vesainzi sainzi vakaona kuwanda kwekuuraya rudzi muzana ramakore rapfuura, uye vakatanga kutsvaga mapoinzi akajairika avaive nawo. Imwe yacho ndeyekuti munhu wese ane, pane imwe nguva, rutsigiro rwechikamu chakakosha munharaunda iyo yainoitika, achiziva kuti zvinoitika pasi pematanho akateedzana:

1. Chinhu chekutanga chinoitika ndechekuti Hurumende inokurudzira a kufambira mberi kwekumiswa kweboka rakakanganiswa. Kupatsanurwa uye kupatsanurwa kwenzanga kunogona kusimudzirwa.
2. Iboka rinozivikanwa uye rinomiririrwa, ichigadzira mumapoka enharaunda iri kunze kwake ruvengo rwakasimba uye ruzvidzo.
3. Vanotanga kutora matanho anonyadzisa eboka iro, kunyangwe hazvo zvisiri zvechisimba. Kufananidza kunoshandura chikamu chiri mubvunzo kuva muvengi.
4. Mauto ehurumende vanova vatsigiri ve siroganiKana mapoka enhengo dzakagadzirwa.
5. Nhanho inotevera ndeye kugadzirira kuita, umo munowanzo kuve nesangano muchimiro chemazita kana kunyangwe nekutakura, mune anonzi 'ghettos' kana 'misasa yevasungwa'
6. Kuparadzwa kwacho kunoitika ipapo, zvinonzwisisika pamberi pechikamu chakakosha munharaunda imwechete.

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kune akakura akateedzana ezviitiko, mazhinji acho anonzi 'kuuraya' kana zviito zvematongerwo enyika zvakasiya huwandu hwerufu, asi izvo zvisingateerere zviri pamutemo tsananguro yekuuraya vanhu: mazhinji acho anowanzoitika hondo kana chiito chehondo, mubvunzo usina hukama nekuuraya vanhu nekuti ihondo kwete kutsvaga kubviswa kweboka.