Midhiya

Zvemukati

• Mhando dzenhau
• Mienzaniso yenhau

Yakatumidzwa zita mhizha kune akasiyana matekinoroji uye nzira dzinobvumidza mumwe mutumwa kuti abate mumwe kana vanogamuchira, kungave munguva chaiyo kana kunonoka nguva, kuburikidza nemafungu ezwi kana zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, pamusoro penzvimbo pfupi kana refu.

Pfungwa iyi vane nzvimbo kubva kuMass Media huru yenguva dzazvino (senge terevhizheni), kune vezvenhau vepedyo uye vehukama (senge nhare).

Mhando dzenhau

Iyo yechinyakare kupatsanurwa kwenhau kwakamisa matatu mapoka: chikuru (izvo hazvireve michina), sekondari (hunyanzvi hwakagadziridzwa kushambadzira) uye tertiary (vese vanotumira uye vanogamuchira vanoshandisa chishandiso).

Kumwe kufunga kwazvino kunogona kusiyanisa mapoka matatu makuru enhau, zvinoenderana nebasa ravanoita muhupenyu hwedu:

– Misa ruzivo midhiya, uyo anotumira anokwanisa kusvika kune vakawanda vanogamuchira mune zvinowanzoitika zuva nezuva, zvakajairika uye unidirectional inodzidzisa chiito (pasina kuchinjana kwemabasa).

– Zvekudyidzana kutaurirana midhiya, iyo inobatanidza vanhu vaviri kana kupfuura nenzira yakavanzika uye kazhinji inowirirana, ichibvumira kuchinjana kwemabasa (bidirectionality).

– Varaidzo midhiya.

Mienzaniso yenhau

1. Terevhizheni. Mumwe wevanyori vakuru venguva yedu. Iko kune terevhizheni yakatarwa mune ingangoita imba yega yega pasi pano, ichitepfenyura zvemhando dzakasiyana zvemukati, nhau, varaidzo uye kushambadza kuburikidza nezviuru zvematanho aripo.
2. Radio. Iyo huru yakadzingwa neyekugadzirwa kweterevhizheni, nhasi inotora nzvimbo mumotokari dzinotakura dzisingakwanise kuita pasina kuona uye kutarisisa kwemutyairi wadzo, pamwe nekuumbwa kwenzanga. mazambiringa vateereri.
3. Pepanhau. Pakati peakakosha uye akareba-akasimbiswa enhau midhiya, yakanyorwa yekudhinda inoramba iri imwe yeakanyanya iwo, kunyangwe ayo zvishoma nezvishoma kutamira kumadhijitari mafomati anopomerwa. Kushambadzira, ruzivo uye maonero zvine nzvimbo mune yavo yehupfumi uye inoraswa fomati.
4. Runharezvetsika. Yakagadzirwa muna 1877, chishandiso chiri pachena chisina kushandiswa, chakabviswa nekukurumidza kukura kwefoni mbozha neInternet kutaurirana. Iyo inopindura kune yemhando yezwi uye yekumira yekutaurirana zvakanyanya kubva muzana rapfuura zana.
5. Nharembozha. Imwe yenhau dzinokura dzekutaurirana, dzakabatana neInternet, nharembozha yakapfuura zvirongwa zvechinyakare zvefoni yekumba, inosanganisira kutumira mameseji neruzivo rwemarudzi ese kuburikidza akasiyana masevhisi ekuchinjana masevhisi.
6. Tumira tsamba. Zvichiri kushandiswa munyika zhinji kutenga nekutumira zviri pamutemo kutaurirana, asi zvakatamiswa zvachose nenzira dzazvino dzekutaurirana. Britain, muchokwadi, inozvirumbidza nekuve neyakanakisa posvo sevhisi munyika.
7. Fax. Iyo fax (facsimile) yaive yakakosha yakatungamira yemazuva ano kutepfenyurwa kwemifananidzo. Izvo zvaibvumidza kutumirwa kwemifananidzo kwakashandurwa kuve zvido zve digital kuburikidza neterevhizheni network. Iyo yakasanganiswa pakati pefoni uye yekuteedzera.
8. Cinema. Yakagadzirwa pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi19, inochengetedzwa nhasi nekuda kwehunyanzvi hutsva (nhasi zvese zvese zviri zvemadhijitari), ichive chinonyanya kufarira mamirioni evatariri pasi rese.
9. Masocial network. Pakati pezvipo zvichangoburwa zveInternet masocial network, achibatanidza akasiyana madhijitari akashongedzerwa nekubatana mune imwechete pfungwa yenharaunda chaiyo yezvido. Iyo tekinoroji yakakurumbira uye ine nharo tekinoroji, nekuda kwemasimba uye njodzi dzekuratidzwa kukuru kwakadai.
10. Izwi remunhu. Yekutanga uye yakanyanya ecological nzira yekutaurirana. Wireless, yemahara, inogumira uye nekukurumidza kusvika.
11. Indaneti. Iyo sosi huru yekuburitswa kwazvino uye kutaurirana, network yemasaiti, iyo ruzivo superhighway ... chero chinhu chatinoda kuchidaidza, ndiyo nzira ine simba kwazvo yekufambisa dhata munyika. Inoshanda sepasirese, nekukurumidza uye kwakasiyana-siyana packet nhepfenyuro uye protocol system.
12. Cartoon. Kupona kwakatangira muzana ramakore regumi nemapfumbamwe uye nezera rayo regoridhe pakati pezana ramakumi maviri ramakore, yakwanisa kutamira kune fomati yedhijitari kuchengetedza kukosha kwayo pamberi pevechidiki nevana, asiwo vanhu vakuru nevateereri vehunyanzvi.
13. Iyo Telegraph. Iyi yatove nhoroondo yekutaurirana. Chaive chigadzirwa chaishandisa masaini emagetsi kutambira nekutumira mameseji akanyorwa. Yaive yekutanga nyika kutaurirana kwemagetsi, yakagadzirwa muzana ramakore re19th.
14. Bhuku. Pamwe hazvikurumidze, kana kukura, kana zvechizvino-zvino semamwe midhiya, bhuku iri rinoramba riri iro risingaperi rekutaurirana kune anotumira uye akawanda anogamuchira (imwe panguva imwe pabhuku), zvese maererano neruzivo uye varaidzo. Inotakurika, isingadhuri, uye yechinyakare, asi zvinopesana nekumhanyisa kwemazuva ano.
15. Amateur radio. Vanofarira maredhiyo vanoshandisa mabhendi enhepfenyuro kutepfenyura nekugamuchira mameseji vari voga, muchimiro cheredhiyo. walkie-talkies yevatariri nevatariri. Iyo ingangoita yehunyanzvi svikiro: ipfupi nzvimbo uye yakaderera kupinza.
16. Email. Iyo yazvino vhezheni yeteregiramu inobvumidza kutumirwa kwetsamba nemagwaro uye kunyangwe mafaera erudzi chero rupi zvaro kuburikidza neyakavanzika, yepedyo uye yakavanzika digital tsamba sevhisi.
17. Magazini. Zvese zvekuparadzira, varaidzo kana hunyanzvi, iwo mafomu ekuvandudza zivo muvogue, yakapihwa yayo nguva nenguva uye inotarisana nevateereri vakasimbiswa.
18. Zviziviso zvevoruzhinji. Kumonyoroka kwemaguta ndiko kushambadzira kunogara kuripo kunoshambadzira meseji kune wese munhu anopfuura nekuvacherekedza, vachinyengedza kutarira kwavo nezviwanikwa zvemifananidzo uye zvirevo zvemashiripiti.
19. Mahofisi emahofisi. Hurumende uye zvisarudzo zvehurumende zveHurumende zvinoziviswa kuvanhu kwete chete kuburikidza nevazhinji venhau, asiwo kuburikidza nemagazeti uye zvinyorwa zvakadhindwa, zvine basa harisi rekudzidzisa chete asiwo zvinyorwa.
20. Mutauro wemasaini. Kunyanya kugadzirirwa matsi-mutes, inoburitsa zvirevo zvakasiyana zvinotapuriranwa kuburikidza nemasaini, pasina chikonzero chekureva izwi rimwe chete.