Iyo alkynes kana acetylenic hydrocarbon vari mahydrocarbon anoonekwa nekuvapo kwekabhoni-kabhoni katatu chisungo. Asiri-cyclic alkynes anopindura kune mamorekuru fomula CnH2n-2. Ivo vane degree rekugadzwa rakatokwira kupfuura iro remaalkenes.
Pakati pemakemikari zvimiro zve alkynes inosimbisa chokwadi chekuti ivo pasi polarity makomputa, saka insoluble mumvura.
Iyokufashaira nekunyungudika mapoinzi yealkynes yakafanana chaizvo neayo alkanes kana alkenes akaenzana kabhoni nhamba. Kune rimwe divi, mhedzisiro pane aya maumbirwo emuviri, ayo ane huwandu hwemacarbons uye kuvepo kwematavi muketani (ayo anochinja munzira imwechete), zvinonyanya kuoneka.
Iyo yakapusa alkyne ndeye acetylene, vanotevera iyo propylene (kana tip) uye iyo butino, iyo inogona kuva 1-butyne (katatu chisungo panopera mamorekuru) kana 2-butyne (katatu chisungo chiri pakati pomuorekuru). Vatatu ava magasi; avo vane huwandu hwepamusoro hweatomu dzekabhoni vari zvinwiwa kana yakasimba.
Zvakafanana nema alkenes, zvisungo zvakapetwa zvinoratidzira maalkynes anovapa yakakura makemikari reactivity zvinhu izvi uye zvinoita kuti zvinyanye kuitika mukuwedzera maitiro (hydrogen, halogen, mvura, nezvimwewo) uye nezvimwe. Zvisinei, zvisungo zvitatu zvinobatanidza kabhoni imwe yeatomu neimwe hazvina kuenzana: chimwe chazvo (icho chinonzi sigma chisungo) chakasimba uye chinoita senge chikuru chinotungamira mubatanidzwa. Iyo inoguma yemubatanidzwa inogona kuitika kuve nemaviri zvisungo kana chete imwechete zvisungo.
Makemikari ane chisungo chakapetwa katatu kumucheto kwecheni anonzi terminal alkynes; izvi zvinosanganiswa zvinozivikanwa neacidity acid. Muchokwadi, terminal alkynes ndiyo yakanyanya kuomarara mahydrocarbon. Kureba pakati pemaatomu ecarbon muchisungo i1.20 amstrongs (nyangwe mapfupi pane eemaalkenes -1.34 amstrongs- uye eayo alkanes -1.54 amstrongs). Imwe chete, yakapetwa katatu nekatatu kabhoni-kabhoni zvisungo zvinogona kugarisana mune imwechete mamorekuru. Kana izvi zvikaitika, iyo hydrocarbon inotumidzwa zita rekuti alkyne uye chinzvimbo cheyakaviri chisungo chinoratidzwa nemagumo "ene", ichiiisa pazvinenge zvakakodzera
Mienzaniso yealkynes yakanyorwa pazasi:
- ethyne (acetylene)
- muromo
- 2- pentine
- 2-butyne
- 1-butyne
- Gumiguru 3
- 2-nonino
- Methyl acetylene
- Ethyl acetylene
- 1-ene-4-hexyne
- Propyl acetylene
- Terbutyl acetylene
- 6,6-diethyl-4-noniino
- 5,6-dimethyl-3-heptin
- 3,3-diethyl-3,5-nonadiino
- cyclobutine
- 3-ethyl -5-ethynylhepta-1,6-diino
- 5-methyl-2-hexyne
- 3,5,7-decatriino
- 6-methyl-2,4-heptadiino
