15 Mienzaniso yeMhuka Dzakabikwa uye Dzine Makumi mana - Encyclopedia

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Mienzaniso yemhuka mbiri
Mienzaniso yemhuka dzakapetwa kane

Iyo bipeds Idzo idzo mhuka dzinofamba pamativi maviri ezasi. Idzo dzinonyanya shiri uye nyani. Ex:huku, gorilla.
Iyo makumbo mana Idzo idzo mhuka dzinofamba nemakumbo mana, ayo mune aya mamiriro anonzi anterior uye kumashure. Ex: Shumba, imbwa.

Kune mhuri ye amphibians inonzi maBipes kana bipedidae ane makumbo maviri chete. Nekudaro, sezvo iwo ari ekumberi mitezo, haigone kutariswa sebipedal, sezvo isingafambe yakatwasuka.

Mienzaniso yemhuka mbiri

Gorilla: Nyani dzinodya miriwo dzinogara mumasango eAfrica. Iwo ndiwo mahombe mahombe, uye majini awo ari 97% akafanana nemajini evanhu. Kunyangwe vachishandisa makumbo epamberi senzira yekutsigira pavanenge vachifamba, vanotsigira huremu hwavo kunyanya pamakumbo ekumashure, uye mukuzorora vanogara pamakumbo avo ekumashure.
Mhou: Strutioniform shiri (isina sternum). Inozivikanwa nehukuru hwayo uye nekumhanya, pane kungobhururuka. Hupenyu mukondinendi ye Africa. Inogona kuve nehurefu hunosvika kumatatu metres uye huremu hunosvika 180 kg. Iyo inogara munzvimbo dzakashama senge magwenga kana savanna, uko kwainogona kuona dzinogona zvikara uye kutiza nekuda kwekumhanya kwayo kukuru.
Penguin: Shiri yegungwa isina ndege, iyo zvakadaro ine hunyanzvi zvakanyanya sekushambira. Kana iri pasi, inofamba nemakumbo maviri. Ivo vanogara zvakanyanya kumaodzanyemba hemisphere, kunze kweGalapagos Islands. Ivo vanowanikwa pazvitsuwa zve subantarctic pamwe nekunze kwemahombekombe ePeru, Chile neArgentina.
Meerkat: Chinyama chinogara mumasango eAfrica eKalahari neNamib. Idzo imhuka diki dzinorema isingasviki kilogiramu imwe uye hurefu hwakareba hwemasendimita makumi matatu nemashanu. Inowanzo mira nemakumbo ayo ekumashure, asi inofambawo pamakumbo ese ari mana, saka inogona zvakare kutariswa seyakapetwa.
Munhu: Mukushanduka kwevanhu, kufamba nemakumbo maviri kwakapa madzitateguru edu (hominids) zvimwe zvakanaka, kuwedzera kugona kwavo ku:
- Famba nepakati pemapani.
- Kutakura midziyo, chikafu, mvura kana vacheche mumaoko
- Kufamba pakati pemiti
- Cherekedza kumusoro kumusoro kwehuswa
Chimpanzi: Primate genetically padyo nemurume, saka zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvese zvipenyu zvine tateguru mumwe. Chimpanzi inogona kufamba nemakumbo mana asi inogona zvakare kufamba nemakumbo maviri, ndosaka ichinzi inoita bipiti. Muchokwadi mitsara yayo yekumusoro inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kufamba pakati pematavi emiti.
Huku: Ndiyo shiri yakanyanya kuwanda papasi nekuti inomutswa nemunhu. Ivo havabhururuke nekusarudzika kwekusarudza kwemunhu, kureva kuti, munhu akafarira kubereka kwemaenzaniso asingakwanise kubhururuka. Izvi zvinogona kuratidzwa nekuti mhando yehuku yemusango (jongwe dzvuku) inokwanisa kutiza.

Mienzaniso yemhuka dzakapetwa kane

Shumba: Chikara chemhuka dzinogara kumaodzanyemba kweSahara Africa uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweIndia. Sezvo iri mhuka iri panjodzi, akawanda masampuli anogara mumatura. Ivo vanogara mumasavana nemumasango, ndiko kuti, nzvimbo uko kureba kwavo kwakakwanira kuti vakwanise kucherechedza kubva kure kure uye kusiyanisa mhuka dzavanobata.
Nzou: Idzo mhuka huru kwazvo dzepanyika. Ivo vanogona kuyera zvinopfuura zviuru zvinomwe zviuru makirogiramu uye kuyera angangoita mana mamita pakureba, kunyangwe paavhareji ivo vanowanzo pima mita nhatu. Vanogona kurarama kusvika pamakore makumi mapfumbamwe. Makumbo, mukuwedzera pakuva servile yekufamba, anokwanisa kuona kudedera pasi, idzo dzimwe nzou dzinoshandisa kutaura.
Imbwa: Ndiyo subspecies yemhumhi. Kune anopfuura mazana masere mazana emarudzi embwa, ndiko kuti, kupfuura chero mamwe marudzi, ane misiyano yakakura muhunhu hwavo hwese, kubva pajasi uye saizi kusvika pakuzvibata uye hurefu.
Cat: Feline akararama nevanhu kweanopfuura makore zviuru gumi nepfumbamwe. Kudzvinyirirwa kwemakumbo avo ekumashure kunoita chiitiko chemuchirimo chinovatendera kuti vaite zvisungo zvakasiyana, senge kusvetuka kwemamita anopfuura matatu pakukwirira. Katsi dzine "righting reflex" inodzitendera kuti dzishandure miviri yadzo mumhepo padzinodonha uye nekudaro dzinogara dzichiwira pamakumbo adzo, izvo nekuda kwekushanduka kwavo kunoshamisa kudzivisa kudonha kubva kunzvimbo dzakakwirira.
Mvuu yakajairika: Artiodactyl mammili, ndiko kuti, ayo magumo anopera kunyange akaverengerwa minwe. Iyo semi-aquatic, ndiko kuti, inoswera ichirova mumvura kana mumatope uye chete husiku inoenda pasi kunotsvaga mishonga yekudya. Iko kune tateguru wakajairika pakati pemvuu uye cetaceans (inova mawhale uye porpoises, pakati pevamwe). Makumbo avo akaoma sezvo vachifanira kutsigira huremu hukuru: mvuu yakajairika inogona kurema kusvika matani matatu. Ivo zvakare vanomubatsira kuti amhanye nekukurumidza kune rake rakakura vhoriyamu, sezvo achigona kumhanya nekukasira semunhu wepakati munhu.
Twiza: Iyo zvakare artiodactyl mamalia. Iyo inogara mu Africa uye ndiyo yakareba kupfuura dzose mhuka dzenyika, inosvika pakakwirira kusvika angangoita matanhatu mamita. Inogara munzvimbo dzakasununguka dzakadai sesavanna, masango, nemasango akavhurika. Kureba kwayo kunoitendera kuti isvike mashizha emubayacia ari kunze kwemwe mhuka. Makumbo avo kumberi nekumashure akaenzana pakureba. Inogona kufamba uye kumhanya.
Bhiza: Perosidactyl mammamal (asinganzwisisike zvigunwe zvinoguma nemakumbo). Makumbo uye mahwanda acho zviumbwa zvisingaonekwe mune chero chimwe chinhu. Iyo yepakati mubatanidzwa inoumbwa neye carpal mapfupa. Zvakare, iwe hauna mhasuru pazasi pejoini iyi, chete ganda, tendon, ligaments, shwashwa, mabhonzo, uye runyanga rwekutsamwa (mahwanda).
Chipembere: Zvipfuwo zvinogara muAfrica neAsia. Dzinoratidzirwa nenyanga dzainadzo pamhino. Makumbo avo ane chigunwe chepakati chakasimukira kupfuura vamwe, icho chinoshanda senge rutsigiro rwavo rukuru.

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